Saros 84

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 84

Fred Espenak

Introduction

A solar eclipse occurs whenever the Moon's shadow passes across Earth's surface. At least two solar eclipses and as many as five occur every year.

The periodicity and recurrence of solar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and the same time of year due to a harmonic in three cycles of the Moon's orbit. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 13 centuries and contains 70 or more eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near one of Earth's polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole. For more information, see Periodicity of Solar Eclipses.

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 84

The table below lists the concise characteristics of every solar eclipse belonging to Saros 84 . The date and time of each eclipse is given for the instant of Greatest Eclipse. For eclipses between the years -1999 to 3000, the calendar date links to a web page containing additional details and a map showing the geographic region of eclipse visibility for that eclipse. A description of each parameter in the catalog table can be found in Key to Saros Catalog of Solar Eclipses.

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 84
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s
ΔT Sigma
s
Luna Num Ecl Type QLE Gamma Ecl Mag Lat

°
Long

°
Sun Alt
°
Path Width km Central Dur
1-35 -0181-Apr-1408:48:31 12479 320 -26972 Pb t- -1.5135 0.0690 71S 166E 0 - -
2-34 -0163-Apr-2415:44:27 12268 314 -26749 P t- -1.4395 0.1985 71S 47E 0 - -
3-33 -0145-May-0522:36:12 12060 309 -26526 P t- -1.3606 0.3383 70S 69W 0 - -
4-32 -0127-May-1605:28:03 11859 303 -26303 P t- -1.2802 0.4820 69S 174E 0 - -
5-31 -0109-May-2712:18:59 11659 298 -26080 P t- -1.1976 0.6309 68S 59E 0 - -
6-30 -0091-Jun-0619:11:04 11462 292 -25857 P t- -1.1146 0.7818 67S 56W 0 - -
7-29 -0073-Jun-1802:06:03 11269 287 -25634 P t- -1.0325 0.9317 66S 171W 0 - -
8-28 -0055-Jun-2809:05:14 11075 281 -25411 A t- -0.9525 0.9991 49S 79E 17 1000m05s
9-27 -0037-Jul-0916:10:02 10887 276 -25188 H t- -0.8759 1.0041 37S 30W 29 3000m24s
10-26 -0019-Jul-1923:20:41 10701 270 -24965 H p- -0.8032 1.0076 30S 140W 36 4400m45s
11-25 -0001-Jul-3106:40:04 10515 265 -24742 H p- -0.7364 1.0101 26S 109E 42 5000m59s
12-24 0017-Aug-1014:07:31 10337 260 -24519 H p- -0.6752 1.0118 23S 5W 47 5401m08s
13-23 0035-Aug-2121:43:38 10160 255 -24296 H2 p- -0.6203 1.0130 22S 120W 52 5601m13s
14-22 0053-Sep-0105:29:27 9984 250 -24073 H2 p- -0.5725 1.0138 22S 123E 55 5701m15s
15-21 0071-Sep-1213:25:23 9810 245 -23850 H2 p- -0.5325 1.0142 23S 2E 58 5701m15s
16-20 0089-Sep-2221:31:04 9636 239 -23627 H2 p- -0.4996 1.0146 25S 120W 60 5701m15s
17-19 0107-Oct-0405:45:13 9463 235 -23404 H2 p- -0.4729 1.0149 28S 116E 62 5701m15s
18-18 0125-Oct-1414:08:40 9292 230 -23181 H2 p- -0.4534 1.0153 31S 11W 63 5801m16s
19-17 0143-Oct-2522:39:53 9120 225 -22958 H2 p- -0.4398 1.0158 35S 139W 64 6001m18s
20-16 0161-Nov-0507:16:59 8948 220 -22735 T p- -0.4305 1.0168 39S 92E 64 6301m22s
21-15 0179-Nov-1615:59:03 8776 215 -22512 T p- -0.4250 1.0180 42S 38W 65 6801m27s
22-14 0197-Nov-2700:44:12 8604 210 -22289 T n- -0.4215 1.0198 45S 167W 65 7501m35s
23-13 0215-Dec-0809:31:40 8432 206 -22066 T n- -0.4196 1.0220 47S 64E 65 8301m46s
24-12 0233-Dec-1818:17:39 8260 201 -21843 T n- -0.4163 1.0249 48S 64W 65 9302m00s
25-11 0251-Dec-3003:03:29 8088 197 -21620 T n- -0.4124 1.0281 48S 168E 65 10502m16s
26-10 0270-Jan-0911:44:49 7916 192 -21397 T n- -0.4048 1.0320 46S 41E 66 11802m35s
27 -9 0288-Jan-2020:22:32 7744 188 -21174 T n- -0.3937 1.0362 43S 86W 67 13302m57s
28 -8 0306-Jan-3104:53:03 7571 183 -20951 T n- -0.3762 1.0408 39S 148E 68 14703m23s
29 -7 0324-Feb-1113:18:42 7398 179 -20728 T n- -0.3544 1.0457 34S 21E 69 16303m50s
30 -6 0342-Feb-2121:36:27 7224 175 -20505 T n- -0.3257 1.0507 29S 104W 71 17804m20s
31 -5 0360-Mar-0405:47:03 7048 170 -20282 T n- -0.2906 1.0557 22S 131E 73 19204m50s
32 -4 0378-Mar-1513:49:49 6871 166 -20059 T n- -0.2485 1.0606 16S 8E 76 20505m21s
33 -3 0396-Mar-2521:45:55 6693 162 -19836 T n- -0.2003 1.0653 9S 114W 78 21805m50s
34 -2 0414-Apr-0605:34:57 6514 158 -19613 T n- -0.1458 1.0696 1S 126E 82 22906m16s
35 -1 0432-Apr-1613:17:44 6335 154 -19390 T nn -0.0860 1.0734 6N 8E 85 23906m37s
36 0 0450-Apr-2720:55:14 6156 150 -19167 T nn -0.0212 1.0765 13N 109W 89 24806m51s
37 1 0468-May-0804:28:45 5980 146 -18944 Tm nn 0.0472 1.0789 20N 136E 87 25506m56s
38 2 0486-May-1911:58:14 5804 142 -18721 T nn 0.1192 1.0806 27N 22E 83 26206m54s
39 3 0504-May-2919:26:04 5628 138 -18498 T -n 0.1926 1.0813 33N 90W 79 26706m44s
40 4 0522-Jun-1002:52:23 5453 135 -18275 T -n 0.2674 1.0812 39N 159E 74 27206m28s
Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 84
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s
ΔT Sigma
s
Luna Num Ecl Type QLE Gamma Ecl Mag Lat

°
Long

°
Sun Alt
°
Path Width km Central Dur
41 5 0540-Jun-2010:19:48 5277 131 -18052 T -n 0.3412 1.0801 44N 49E 70 27506m07s
42 6 0558-Jul-0117:47:03 5103 127 -17829 T -p 0.4151 1.0783 47N 59W 65 27805m45s
43 7 0576-Jul-1201:18:35 4931 124 -17606 T -p 0.4854 1.0755 50N 167W 61 28005m21s
44 8 0594-Jul-2308:52:38 4759 120 -17383 T -p 0.5536 1.0720 51N 84E 56 28004m58s
45 9 0612-Aug-0216:33:10 4589 117 -17160 T -p 0.6162 1.0679 51N 27W 52 28004m35s
46 10 0630-Aug-1400:17:45 4420 113 -16937 T -p 0.6750 1.0631 51N 139W 47 27804m13s
47 11 0648-Aug-2408:10:45 4252 110 -16714 T -p 0.7269 1.0579 50N 106E 43 27403m52s
48 12 0666-Sep-0416:09:25 4086 106 -16491 T -p 0.7738 1.0524 48N 12W 39 26903m31s
49 13 0684-Sep-1500:16:08 3921 103 -16268 T -p 0.8139 1.0468 47N 134W 35 26303m11s
50 14 0702-Sep-2608:29:40 3758 100 -16045 T -p 0.8480 1.0410 46N 102E 32 25302m51s
51 15 0720-Oct-0616:51:29 3602 97 -15822 T -p 0.8748 1.0355 45N 25W 29 24102m32s
52 16 0738-Oct-1801:19:40 3446 94 -15599 T -p 0.8963 1.0302 45N 154W 26 22602m13s
53 17 0756-Oct-2809:53:38 3292 90 -15376 T -p 0.9126 1.0254 45N 74E 24 20801m55s
54 18 0774-Nov-0818:33:02 3143 87 -15153 T -p 0.9241 1.0210 45N 60W 22 18601m38s
55 19 0792-Nov-1903:16:39 2994 84 -14930 T -t 0.9315 1.0172 45N 164E 21 16201m23s
56 20 0810-Nov-3012:02:17 2850 81 -14707 T -t 0.9372 1.0140 46N 27E 20 13801m08s
57 21 0828-Dec-1020:48:54 2708 79 -14484 T -t 0.9414 1.0113 47N 110W 19 11700m56s
58 22 0846-Dec-2205:34:45 2567 76 -14261 T -t 0.9461 1.0091 48N 113E 18 9800m45s
59 23 0865-Jan-0114:18:57 2434 73 -14038 T -t 0.9517 1.0073 50N 24W 17 8400m36s
60 24 0883-Jan-1222:58:07 2303 70 -13815 T -t 0.9608 1.0057 53N 161W 15 7300m27s
61 25 0901-Jan-2307:33:10 2173 68 -13592 T -t 0.9730 1.0042 58N 62E 13 6700m19s
62 26 0919-Feb-0316:00:47 2054 65 -13369 T -t 0.9908 1.0021 65N 79W 6 6200m09s
63 27 0937-Feb-1400:21:12 1936 62 -13146 P -t 1.0141 0.9687 71N 133E 0 - -
64 28 0955-Feb-2508:32:07 1821 60 -12923 P -t 1.0446 0.9128 72N 4W 0 - -
65 29 0973-Mar-0716:34:50 1713 57 -12700 P -t 1.0812 0.8458 72N 139W 0 - -
66 30 0991-Mar-1900:27:55 1606 55 -12477 P -t 1.1248 0.7659 72N 88E 0 - -
67 31 1009-Mar-2908:10:55 1507 53 -12254 P -t 1.1761 0.6721 72N 43W 0 - -
68 32 1027-Apr-0915:45:01 1415 50 -12031 P -t 1.2337 0.5666 71N 170W 0 - -
69 33 1045-Apr-1923:10:08 1324 48 -11808 P -t 1.2978 0.4493 71N 65E 0 - -
70 34 1063-May-0106:27:52 1241 46 -11585 P -t 1.3668 0.3235 70N 58W 0 - -
71 35 1081-May-1113:37:20 1160 44 -11362 P -t 1.4412 0.1881 69N 178W 0 - -
72 36 1099-May-2220:42:02 1079 42 -11139 Pe -t 1.5184 0.0484 68N 64E 0 - -

Statistics for Solar Eclipses of Saros 84

Solar eclipses of Saros 84 all occur at the Moon’s descending node and the Moon moves northward with each eclipse. The series began with a partial eclipse in the southern hemisphere on -0181 Apr 14. The series ended with a partial eclipse in the northern hemisphere on 1099 May 22. The total duration of Saros series 84 is 1280.14 years.

Summary of Saros 84
First Eclipse -0181 Apr 14
Last Eclipse 1099 May 22
Series Duration 1280.14 Years
No. of Eclipses 72
Sequence 7P 1A 11H 43T 10P

Saros 84 is composed of 72 solar eclipses as follows:

Solar Eclipses of Saros 84
Eclipse Type Symbol Number Percent
All Eclipses - 72100.0%
PartialP 17 23.6%
AnnularA 1 1.4%
TotalT 43 59.7%
HybridH 11 15.3%

Umbral eclipses (annular, total and hybrid) can be further classified as either: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes in Saros series 84 appears in the following table.

Umbral Eclipses of Saros 84
Classification Number Percent
All Umbral Eclipses 55100.0%
Central (two limits) 55100.0%
Central (one limit) 0 0.0%
Non-Central (one limit) 0 0.0%

The 72 eclipses in Saros 84 occur in the following order : 7P 1A 11H 43T 10P

The longest and shortest central eclipses of Saros 84 as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses appear below.

Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Solar Eclipses of Saros 84
Extrema Type Date Duration Magnitude
Longest Annular Solar Eclipse -0055 Jun 2800m05s -
Shortest Annular Solar Eclipse -0055 Jun 2800m05s -
Longest Total Solar Eclipse 0468 May 0806m56s -
Shortest Total Solar Eclipse 0919 Feb 0300m09s -
Longest Hybrid Solar Eclipse 0143 Oct 2501m18s -
Shortest Hybrid Solar Eclipse -0037 Jul 0900m24s -
Largest Partial Solar Eclipse 0937 Feb 14 - 0.96873
Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse 1099 May 22 - 0.04844

Eclipse Publications

by Fred Espenak

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Calendar

The Gregorian calendar (also called the Western calendar) is internationally the most widely used civil calendar. It is named for Pope Gregory XIII, who introduced it in 1582. On this website, the Gregorian calendar is used for all calendar dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates.

The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..

Eclipse Predictions

The eclipse predictions presented here were generated using the JPL DE406 solar and lunar ephemerides. The lunar coordinates have been calculated with respect to the Moon's Center of Mass.

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

  1. pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
  2. 1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
  3. future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -2999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.

Acknowledgments

Some of the content on this web site is based on the books Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Thousand Year Canon of Solar Eclipses 1501 to 2500. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy.

Permission is granted to reproduce eclipse data when accompanied by a link to this page and an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, www.EclipseWise.com"

The use of diagrams and maps is permitted provided that they are NOT altered (except for re-sizing) and the embedded credit line is NOT removed or covered.