Saros 48

Catalog of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 48

Fred Espenak

Introduction

A lunar eclipse occurs whenever the Moon passes through Earth's shadow. At least two lunar eclipses and as many as five occur every year.

The periodicity and recurrence of lunar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and the same time of year due to a harmonic in three cycles of the Moon's orbit. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 15 centuries and contains about 70 to 80 eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of penumbral lunar eclipses. The series will then produce several dozen partial eclipses, followed by several dozen total eclipses. The later portion of the series produces another set of partial eclipses before ending with a final group of penumbral eclipses.

Catalog of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 48

The table below lists the concise characteristics of every lunar eclipse belonging to Saros 48 . The date and time of each eclipse is given for the instant of Greatest Eclipse. For eclipses between the years -1999 to 3000, the calendar date links to a web page containing additional details along with a diagram of the eclipse geometry and a map showing the geographic region of eclipse visibility for that eclipse. A description of each parameter in the catalog table can be found in Key to Saros Catalog of Lunar Eclipses.

Catalog of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 48
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s
ΔT Sigma
s
Luna Num Ecl Type QSE Gamma Pen Mag Um Mag Pen Dur
m
Par Dur
m
Tot Dur
m
1-35 -1228-Jul-2111:53:16 29538 1132 -39919 Nb t- 1.5225 0.0943-0.9650 93.1 - -
2-34 -1210-Aug-0118:49:37 29189 1087 -39696 N t- 1.4572 0.2144-0.8455138.6 - -
3-33 -1192-Aug-1201:57:36 28842 1043 -39473 N t- 1.3999 0.3200-0.7406167.3 - -
4-32 -1174-Aug-2309:15:24 28498 1000 -39250 N t- 1.3492 0.4134-0.6479188.1 - -
5-31 -1156-Sep-0216:43:47 28155 957 -39027 N t- 1.3059 0.4931-0.5688203.3 - -
6-30 -1138-Sep-1400:22:57 27814 915 -38804 N h- 1.2704 0.5585-0.5039214.5 - -
7-29 -1120-Sep-2408:12:37 27476 874 -38581 N h- 1.2427 0.6094-0.4532222.4 - -
8-28 -1102-Oct-0516:11:50 27140 834 -38358 N h- 1.2215 0.6482-0.4143227.8 - -
9-27 -1084-Oct-1600:18:13 26805 794 -38135 N a- 1.2054 0.6776-0.3844231.6 - -
10-26 -1066-Oct-2708:32:40 26473 756 -37912 N a- 1.1949 0.6963-0.3646233.6 - -
11-25 -1048-Nov-0616:52:02 26143 718 -37689 N a- 1.1877 0.7085-0.3506234.6 - -
12-24 -1030-Nov-1801:15:27 25815 680 -37466 N a- 1.1830 0.7159-0.3407234.8 - -
13-23 -1012-Nov-2809:40:10 25489 644 -37243 N a- 1.1788 0.7221-0.3314234.9 - -
14-22 -0994-Dec-0918:05:52 25165 619 -37020 N a- 1.1744 0.7284-0.3214234.8 - -
15-21 -0976-Dec-2002:29:23 24843 612 -36797 N a- 1.1675 0.7387-0.3066235.3 - -
16-20 -0958-Dec-3110:49:33 24523 606 -36574 N a- 1.1571 0.7552-0.2850236.5 - -
17-19 -0939-Jan-1019:05:10 24205 599 -36351 N a- 1.1423 0.7796-0.2551238.7 - -
18-18 -0921-Jan-2203:15:29 23890 592 -36128 N a- 1.1227 0.8125-0.2162241.8 - -
19-17 -0903-Feb-0111:18:07 23576 585 -35905 N a- 1.0959 0.8585-0.1639246.2 - -
20-16 -0885-Feb-1219:14:01 23265 578 -35682 N a- 1.0628 0.9160-0.1000251.6 - -
21-15 -0867-Feb-2303:02:12 22955 571 -35459 N a- 1.0226 0.9864-0.0230258.0 - -
22-14 -0849-Mar-0610:44:08 22648 565 -35236 P a- 0.9766 1.0676 0.0647264.8 57.7 -
23-13 -0831-Mar-1618:17:18 22342 558 -35013 P a- 0.9224 1.1637 0.1672272.3 91.2 -
24-12 -0813-Mar-2801:46:00 22039 551 -34790 P a- 0.8638 1.2683 0.2778279.6115.3 -
25-11 -0795-Apr-0709:07:52 21738 544 -34567 P a- 0.7983 1.3856 0.4008287.1135.6 -
26-10 -0777-Apr-1816:27:08 21439 537 -34344 P a- 0.7298 1.5086 0.5290293.9152.3 -
27 -9 -0759-Apr-2823:41:14 21142 530 -34121 P a- 0.6560 1.6416 0.6667300.4166.8 -
28 -8 -0741-May-1006:55:37 20847 523 -33898 P a- 0.5814 1.7764 0.8057306.0178.7 -
29 -7 -0723-May-2014:07:43 20554 517 -33675 P a- 0.5037 1.9171 0.9499310.9188.6 -
30 -6 -0705-May-3121:21:31 20263 510 -33452 T a- 0.4266 2.0573 1.0930314.8196.6 45.3
31 -5 -0687-Jun-1104:36:28 19974 503 -33229 T a- 0.3495 2.1977 1.2356318.0202.8 68.7
32 -4 -0669-Jun-2211:55:45 19688 495 -33006 T p- 0.2750 2.3334 1.3729320.2207.3 82.3
33 -3 -0651-Jul-0219:19:11 19403 488 -32783 T+ p- 0.2034 2.4643 1.5048321.7210.5 90.9
34 -2 -0633-Jul-1402:48:09 19121 481 -32560 T+ p- 0.1357 2.5883 1.6292322.4212.4 96.1
35 -1 -0615-Jul-2410:23:54 18840 474 -32337 T+ pp 0.0731 2.7033 1.7440322.6213.2 98.8
36 0 -0597-Aug-0418:06:57 18562 467 -32114 T+ pp 0.0159 2.8085 1.8486322.4213.3 99.7
37 1 -0579-Aug-1501:57:47 18285 460 -31891 T- pp -0.0350 2.7741 1.8132321.8212.8 99.2
38 2 -0561-Aug-2609:56:59 18011 453 -31668 T- pp -0.0792 2.6935 1.7313321.0211.8 97.9
39 3 -0543-Sep-0518:05:06 17739 446 -31445 T- -p -0.1166 2.6258 1.6621320.2210.7 96.0
40 4 -0525-Sep-1702:22:04 17469 440 -31222 T- -p -0.1468 2.5712 1.6058319.4209.6 94.0
Catalog of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 48
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s
ΔT Sigma
s
Luna Num Ecl Type QSE Gamma Pen Mag Um Mag Pen Dur
m
Par Dur
m
Tot Dur
m
41 5 -0507-Sep-2710:46:35 17201 433 -30999 T- -p -0.1711 2.5274 1.5603318.6208.5 92.0
42 6 -0489-Oct-0819:19:47 16898 426 -30776 T- -p -0.1885 2.4963 1.5277318.0207.5 90.4
43 7 -0471-Oct-1903:59:20 16585 420 -30553 T- -p -0.2006 2.4747 1.5048317.5206.8 89.1
44 8 -0453-Oct-3012:45:22 16280 413 -30330 T- -p -0.2078 2.4620 1.4910317.2206.3 88.3
45 9 -0435-Nov-0921:34:26 15983 406 -30107 T- -p -0.2129 2.4531 1.4814316.9206.0 87.7
46 10 -0417-Nov-2106:27:42 15695 400 -29884 T- -p -0.2144 2.4504 1.4784316.8205.8 87.5
47 11 -0399-Dec-0115:21:35 15414 394 -29661 T- -p -0.2156 2.4482 1.4764316.6205.7 87.4
48 12 -0381-Dec-1300:15:32 15139 387 -29438 T- -p -0.2167 2.4458 1.4746316.5205.6 87.3
49 13 -0363-Dec-2309:06:41 14872 381 -29215 T- -p -0.2201 2.4390 1.4689316.3205.5 86.9
50 14 -0344-Jan-0317:54:46 14610 375 -28992 T- -p -0.2262 2.4272 1.4585316.0205.3 86.4
51 15 -0326-Jan-1402:37:30 14355 368 -28769 T- -p -0.2365 2.4073 1.4404315.6204.9 85.3
52 16 -0308-Jan-2511:13:43 14106 362 -28546 T- -p -0.2520 2.3778 1.4130315.1204.3 83.6
53 17 -0290-Feb-0419:42:54 13862 356 -28323 T -p -0.2733 2.3377 1.3749314.3203.4 80.8
54 18 -0272-Feb-1604:04:27 13623 350 -28100 T -p -0.3006 2.2865 1.3259313.3201.9 76.8
55 19 -0254-Feb-2612:17:09 13389 344 -27877 T -p -0.3353 2.2218 1.2633311.9199.9 70.6
56 20 -0236-Mar-0820:21:29 13160 338 -27654 T -p -0.3768 2.1446 1.1880310.0197.0 61.2
57 21 -0218-Mar-2004:17:33 12936 332 -27431 T -a -0.4250 2.0554 1.1004307.6193.0 46.1
58 22 -0200-Mar-3012:06:28 12716 326 -27208 T -a -0.4789 1.9558 1.0021304.5187.9 6.9
59 23 -0182-Apr-1019:46:41 12500 321 -26985 P -a -0.5399 1.8436 0.8907300.5181.0 -
60 24 -0164-Apr-2103:21:45 12288 315 -26762 P -a -0.6048 1.7243 0.7717295.6172.2 -
61 25 -0146-May-0210:50:20 12081 309 -26539 P -a -0.6751 1.5955 0.6427289.5160.8 -
62 26 -0128-May-1218:15:45 11877 303 -26316 P -a -0.7473 1.4634 0.5097282.4146.5 -
63 27 -0110-May-2401:35:54 11676 298 -26093 P -a -0.8234 1.3246 0.3694273.8127.7 -
64 28 -0092-Jun-0308:55:34 11479 292 -25870 P -a -0.8992 1.1866 0.2292264.0102.9 -
65 29 -0074-Jun-1416:13:08 11285 287 -25647 P -a -0.9762 1.0467 0.0864252.6 64.6 -
66 30 -0056-Jun-2423:31:30 11094 281 -25424 N -a -1.0518 0.9098-0.0538239.7 - -
67 31 -0038-Jul-0606:50:57 10906 276 -25201 N -a -1.1256 0.7764-0.1914225.4 - -
68 32 -0020-Jul-1614:13:47 10721 271 -24978 N -a -1.1958 0.6500-0.3223209.7 - -
69 33 -0002-Jul-2721:40:49 10537 265 -24755 N -a -1.2617 0.5315-0.4459192.6 - -
70 34 0016-Aug-0705:12:00 10357 260 -24532 N -a -1.3235 0.4210-0.5619173.9 - -
71 35 0034-Aug-1812:49:49 10178 255 -24309 N -a -1.3790 0.3221-0.6668154.2 - -
72 36 0052-Aug-2820:33:40 10001 250 -24086 N -a -1.4291 0.2332-0.7617132.9 - -
73 37 0070-Sep-0904:25:14 9825 245 -23863 N -a -1.4721 0.1574-0.8437110.4 - -
74 38 0088-Sep-1912:23:10 9651 240 -23640 N -a -1.5094 0.0922-0.9152 85.3 - -
75 39 0106-Sep-3020:29:33 9478 235 -23417 Ne -a -1.5394 0.0403-0.9732 56.9 - -

Statistics for Lunar Eclipses of Saros 48

Lunar eclipses of Saros 48 all occur at the Moon’s ascending node and the Moon moves southward with each eclipse. The series will begin with a penumbral eclipse near the northern edge of the penumbra on -1228 Jul 21. The series will end with a penumbral eclipse near the southern edge of the penumbra on 0106 Sep 30. The total duration of Saros series 48 is 1334.23 years.

Summary of Saros 48
First Eclipse -1228 Jul 21
Last Eclipse 0106 Sep 30
Series Duration 1334.23 Years
No. of Eclipses 75
Sequence 21N 8P 29T 7P 10N

Saros 48 is composed of 75 lunar eclipses as follows:

Lunar Eclipses of Saros 48
Eclipse Type Symbol Number Percent
All Eclipses - 75100.0%
PenumbralN 31 41.3%
PartialP 15 20.0%
TotalT 29 38.7%

The 75 lunar eclipses of Saros 48 occur in the order of 21N 8P 29T 7P 10N which corresponds to the following.

Sequence Order of Lunar Eclipses in Saros 48
Eclipse Type Symbol Number
Penumbral N 21
Partial P 8
Total T 29
Partial P 7
Penumbral N 10

The longest and shortest eclipses of Saros 48 as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses appear below.

Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 48
Extrema Type Date Duration Magnitude
Longest Total Lunar Eclipse -0597 Aug 0401h39m39s -
Shortest Total Lunar Eclipse -0200 Mar 3000h06m56s -
Longest Partial Lunar Eclipse -0723 May 2003h08m38s -
Shortest Partial Lunar Eclipse -0849 Mar 0600h57m43s -
Longest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse -0867 Feb 2304h17m57s -
Shortest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse 0106 Sep 3000h56m56s -
Largest Partial Lunar Eclipse -0723 May 20 - 0.94993
Smallest Partial Lunar Eclipse -0849 Mar 06 - 0.06467

Links to Additional Lunar Eclipse Predictions

  • Home - home page of EclipseWise with predictions for both Solar and lunar eclipses

Eclipse Publications

by Fred Espenak

jpeg jpeg
jpeg jpeg
jpeg jpeg

Calendar

The Gregorian calendar (also called the Western calendar) is internationally the most widely used civil calendar. It is named for Pope Gregory XIII, who introduced it in 1582. On this website, the Gregorian calendar is used for all calendar dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates.

The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..

Eclipse Predictions

The eclipse predictions presented here were generated using the JPL DE406 solar and lunar ephemerides. The lunar coordinates have been calculated with respect to the Moon's Center of Mass.

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

  1. pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
  2. 1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
  3. future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -2999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.

Acknowledgments

Some of the content on this web site is based on the books Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Thousand Year Canon of Lunar Eclipses 1501 to 2500. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy.

Permission is granted to reproduce eclipse data when accompanied by a link to this page and an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, www.EclipseWise.com"

The use of diagrams and maps is permitted provided that they are NOT altered (except for re-sizing) and the embedded credit line is NOT removed or covered.