Saros 1

Catalog of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 1

Fred Espenak

Introduction

A lunar eclipse occurs whenever the Moon passes through Earth's shadow. At least two lunar eclipses and as many as five occur every year.

The periodicity and recurrence of lunar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and the same time of year due to a harmonic in three cycles of the Moon's orbit. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 15 centuries and contains about 70 to 80 eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of penumbral lunar eclipses. The series will then produce several dozen partial eclipses, followed by several dozen total eclipses. The later portion of the series produces another set of partial eclipses before ending with a final group of penumbral eclipses.

Catalog of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 1

The table below lists the concise characteristics of every lunar eclipse belonging to Saros 1 . The date and time of each eclipse is given for the instant of Greatest Eclipse. For eclipses between the years -1999 to 3000, the calendar date links to a web page containing additional details along with a diagram of the eclipse geometry and a map showing the geographic region of eclipse visibility for that eclipse. A description of each parameter in the catalog table can be found in Key to Saros Catalog of Lunar Eclipses.

Catalog of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 1
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s
ΔT Sigma
s
Luna Num Ecl Type QSE Gamma Pen Mag Um Mag Pen Dur
m
Par Dur
m
Tot Dur
m
1-36 -2570-Mar-1407:39:52 61321 6466 -56522 Nb h- -1.5389 0.0375-0.9686 55.4 - -
2-35 -2552-Mar-2414:49:22 60818 6369 -56299 N t- -1.4796 0.1468-0.8604109.1 - -
3-34 -2534-Apr-0421:52:58 60317 6272 -56076 N t- -1.4159 0.2644-0.7444145.4 - -
4-33 -2516-Apr-1504:47:12 59818 6177 -55853 N t- -1.3457 0.3944-0.6165176.2 - -
5-32 -2498-Apr-2611:38:21 59321 6082 -55630 N t- -1.2735 0.5282-0.4853202.1 - -
6-31 -2480-May-0618:23:39 58827 5988 -55407 N t- -1.1976 0.6691-0.3477225.4 - -
7-30 -2462-May-1801:07:53 58334 5894 -55184 N t- -1.1214 0.8107-0.2098245.7 - -
8-29 -2444-May-2807:48:59 57844 5801 -54961 N t- -1.0433 0.9562-0.0686264.0 - -
9-28 -2426-Jun-0814:32:32 57355 5709 -54738 P t- -0.9678 1.0970 0.0675279.9 61.3 -
10-27 -2408-Jun-1821:16:49 56869 5618 -54515 P t- -0.8938 1.2355 0.2007293.9104.0 -
11-26 -2390-Jun-3004:05:01 56385 5527 -54292 P t- -0.8237 1.3671 0.3267306.0130.7 -
12-25 -2372-Jul-1010:57:38 55902 5437 -54069 P t- -0.7578 1.4909 0.4445316.5150.2 -
13-24 -2354-Jul-2117:57:10 55422 5347 -53846 P t- -0.6985 1.6029 0.5504325.3164.8 -
14-23 -2336-Aug-0101:03:42 54944 5259 -53623 P t- -0.6451 1.7039 0.6452332.8176.1 -
15-22 -2318-Aug-1208:17:21 54468 5171 -53400 P t- -0.5984 1.7928 0.7278339.0184.9 -
16-21 -2300-Aug-2215:39:47 53994 5083 -53177 P t- -0.5595 1.8672 0.7961344.2191.6 -
17-20 -2282-Sep-0223:10:21 53522 4996 -52954 P t- -0.5280 1.9280 0.8509348.4196.6 -
18-19 -2264-Sep-1306:48:47 53053 4910 -52731 P t- -0.5035 1.9757 0.8931351.8200.2 -
19-18 -2246-Sep-2414:34:48 52585 4825 -52508 P t- -0.4858 2.0109 0.9232354.5202.8 -
20-17 -2228-Oct-0422:27:47 52119 4740 -52285 P t- -0.4741 2.0346 0.9424356.5204.5 -
21-16 -2210-Oct-1606:26:11 51656 4656 -52062 P t- -0.4675 2.0485 0.9526358.1205.6 -
22-15 -2192-Oct-2614:27:26 51194 4573 -51839 P t- -0.4638 2.0569 0.9579359.3206.2 -
23-14 -2174-Nov-0622:31:29 50735 4490 -51616 P t- -0.4627 2.0599 0.9588360.1206.6 -
24-13 -2156-Nov-1706:35:51 50277 4409 -51393 P t- -0.4621 2.0618 0.9594360.8206.9 -
25-12 -2138-Nov-2814:38:13 49822 4327 -51170 P t- -0.4601 2.0656 0.9627361.4207.3 -
26-11 -2120-Dec-0822:36:52 49369 4247 -50947 P t- -0.4553 2.0742 0.9717362.0208.1 -
27-10 -2102-Dec-2006:30:31 48918 4167 -50724 P t- -0.4465 2.0898 0.9884362.8209.4 -
28 -9 -2084-Dec-3014:18:03 48469 4088 -50501 T t- -0.4327 2.1142 1.0146363.8211.3 19.9
29 -8 -2065-Jan-1021:56:25 48022 4009 -50278 T t- -0.4114 2.1521 1.0549365.1213.9 38.1
30 -7 -2047-Jan-2105:26:59 47577 3931 -50055 T t- -0.3836 2.2016 1.1073366.6217.0 52.4
31 -6 -2029-Feb-0112:47:02 47134 3854 -49832 T p- -0.3472 2.2668 1.1758368.4220.7 65.6
32 -5 -2011-Feb-1119:58:20 46693 3778 -49609 T p- -0.3035 2.3452 1.2577370.2224.4 77.3
33 -4 -1993-Feb-2302:58:39 46254 3702 -49386 T- pp -0.2506 2.4405 1.3567371.9228.2 87.6
34 -3 -1975-Mar-0509:51:07 45818 3627 -49163 T- pp -0.1910 2.5479 1.4678373.4231.5 95.9
35 -2 -1957-Mar-1616:34:15 45383 3552 -48940 T- pp -0.1236 2.6696 1.5932374.3234.1102.2
36 -1 -1939-Mar-2623:09:32 44950 3479 -48717 T- pp -0.0496 2.8037 1.7309374.6235.6105.7
37 0 -1921-Apr-0705:38:23 44520 3406 -48494 T+ pp 0.0298 2.8383 1.7687374.0235.7106.2
38 1 -1903-Apr-1712:02:39 44092 3333 -48271 T+ pp 0.1132 2.6838 1.6172372.3234.1103.1
39 2 -1885-Apr-2818:24:01 43665 3262 -48048 T+ pp 0.1996 2.5240 1.4600369.5230.6 95.5
40 3 -1867-May-0900:42:49 43241 3191 -47825 T pp 0.2883 2.3600 1.2983365.4225.0 81.8
Catalog of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 1
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s
ΔT Sigma
s
Luna Num Ecl Type QSE Gamma Pen Mag Um Mag Pen Dur
m
Par Dur
m
Tot Dur
m
41 4 -1849-May-2007:02:43 42819 3121 -47602 T -t 0.3765 2.1973 1.1374360.1217.3 58.7
42 5 -1831-May-3013:24:16 42399 3051 -47379 P -t 0.4635 2.0369 0.9785353.6207.5 -
43 6 -1813-Jun-1019:49:20 41981 2982 -47156 P -t 0.5482 1.8810 0.8236346.0195.4 -
44 7 -1795-Jun-2102:19:10 41565 2914 -46933 P -t 0.6296 1.7314 0.6746337.5181.0 -
45 8 -1777-Jul-0208:56:22 41151 2847 -46710 P -t 0.7056 1.5919 0.5354328.3164.6 -
46 9 -1759-Jul-1215:41:48 40739 2780 -46487 P -t 0.7751 1.4644 0.4077318.9146.2 -
47 10 -1741-Jul-2322:35:18 40329 2714 -46264 P -t 0.8386 1.3479 0.2911309.3125.4 -
48 11 -1723-Aug-0305:39:46 39921 2648 -46041 P -t 0.8938 1.2470 0.1897300.1102.5 -
49 12 -1705-Aug-1412:54:15 39516 2584 -45818 P -t 0.9412 1.1602 0.1022291.5 76.0 -
50 13 -1687-Aug-2420:20:36 39112 2520 -45595 P -t 0.9799 1.0896 0.0311283.9 42.2 -
51 14 -1669-Sep-0503:55:48 38711 2457 -45372 Nx -t 1.0118 1.0312-0.0278277.1 - -
52 15 -1651-Sep-1511:43:17 38311 2394 -45149 N -t 1.0345 0.9898-0.0695271.9 - -
53 16 -1633-Sep-2619:39:09 37914 2332 -44926 N -t 1.0510 0.9595-0.0998267.8 - -
54 17 -1615-Oct-0703:44:51 37519 2271 -44703 N -t 1.0604 0.9420-0.1168265.1 - -
55 18 -1597-Oct-1811:57:00 37126 2211 -44480 N -h 1.0653 0.9325-0.1253263.1 - -
56 19 -1579-Oct-2820:16:51 36734 2151 -44257 N -h 1.0650 0.9322-0.1240262.2 - -
57 20 -1561-Nov-0904:39:57 36345 2092 -44034 N -h 1.0626 0.9354-0.1185261.7 - -
58 21 -1543-Nov-1913:06:01 35958 2034 -43811 N -h 1.0589 0.9408-0.1102261.4 - -
59 22 -1525-Nov-3021:32:36 35574 1976 -43588 N -h 1.0556 0.9451-0.1024260.8 - -
60 23 -1507-Dec-1105:59:16 35191 1919 -43365 N -h 1.0534 0.9470-0.0963260.0 - -
61 24 -1489-Dec-2214:21:47 34810 1863 -43142 N -h 1.0553 0.9411-0.0973258.3 - -
62 25 -1470-Jan-0122:40:52 34431 1807 -42919 N -h 1.0608 0.9283-0.1047255.7 - -
63 26 -1452-Jan-1306:53:42 34054 1753 -42696 N -h 1.0722 0.9043-0.1229251.9 - -
64 27 -1434-Jan-2315:01:34 33680 1699 -42473 N -h 1.0887 0.8710-0.1499246.9 - -
65 28 -1416-Feb-0323:00:07 33307 1645 -42250 N -h 1.1134 0.8223-0.1922240.0 - -
66 29 -1398-Feb-1406:53:13 32937 1593 -42027 N -h 1.1435 0.7639-0.2441231.6 - -
67 30 -1380-Feb-2514:37:02 32569 1541 -41804 N -h 1.1817 0.6905-0.3110220.8 - -
68 31 -1362-Mar-0722:15:29 32202 1490 -41581 N -h 1.2250 0.6078-0.3872207.9 - -
69 32 -1344-Mar-1805:45:25 31838 1440 -41358 N -h 1.2761 0.5111-0.4779191.5 - -
70 33 -1326-Mar-2913:11:36 31476 1390 -41135 N -a 1.3309 0.4076-0.5756172.0 - -
71 34 -1308-Apr-0820:31:31 31116 1341 -40912 N -a 1.3913 0.2939-0.6839147.0 - -
72 35 -1290-Apr-2003:48:24 30758 1293 -40689 N -a 1.4550 0.1746-0.7983114.1 - -
73 36 -1272-Apr-3011:02:19 30402 1245 -40466 Ne -a 1.5216 0.0503-0.9184 61.7 - -

Statistics for Lunar Eclipses of Saros 1

Lunar eclipses of Saros 1 all occur at the Moon’s descending node and the Moon moves northward with each eclipse. The series will begin with a penumbral eclipse near the southern edge of the penumbra on -2570 Mar 14. The series will end with a penumbral eclipse near the northern edge of the penumbra on -1272 Apr 30. The total duration of Saros series 1 is 1298.17 years.

Summary of Saros 1
First Eclipse -2570 Mar 14
Last Eclipse -1272 Apr 30
Series Duration 1298.17 Years
No. of Eclipses 73
Sequence 8N 19P 14T 9P 23N

Saros 1 is composed of 73 lunar eclipses as follows:

Lunar Eclipses of Saros 1
Eclipse Type Symbol Number Percent
All Eclipses - 73100.0%
PenumbralN 31 42.5%
PartialP 28 38.4%
TotalT 14 19.2%

The 73 lunar eclipses of Saros 1 occur in the order of 8N 19P 14T 9P 23N which corresponds to the following.

Sequence Order of Lunar Eclipses in Saros 1
Eclipse Type Symbol Number
Penumbral N 8
Partial P 19
Total T 14
Partial P 9
Penumbral N 23

The longest and shortest eclipses of Saros 1 as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses appear below.

Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 1
Extrema Type Date Duration Magnitude
Longest Total Lunar Eclipse -1921 Apr 0701h46m14s -
Shortest Total Lunar Eclipse -2084 Dec 3000h19m54s -
Longest Partial Lunar Eclipse -2102 Dec 2003h29m26s -
Shortest Partial Lunar Eclipse -1687 Aug 2400h42m10s -
Longest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse -1669 Sep 0504h37m08s -
Shortest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse -2570 Mar 1400h55m26s -
Largest Partial Lunar Eclipse -2102 Dec 20 - 0.98841
Smallest Partial Lunar Eclipse -1687 Aug 24 - 0.03107

Links to Additional Lunar Eclipse Predictions

  • Home - home page of EclipseWise with predictions for both Solar and lunar eclipses

Eclipse Publications

by Fred Espenak

jpeg jpeg
jpeg jpeg
jpeg jpeg

Calendar

The Gregorian calendar (also called the Western calendar) is internationally the most widely used civil calendar. It is named for Pope Gregory XIII, who introduced it in 1582. On this website, the Gregorian calendar is used for all calendar dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates.

The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..

Eclipse Predictions

The eclipse predictions presented here were generated using the JPL DE406 solar and lunar ephemerides. The lunar coordinates have been calculated with respect to the Moon's Center of Mass.

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

  1. pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
  2. 1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
  3. future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -2999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.

Acknowledgments

Some of the content on this web site is based on the books Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Thousand Year Canon of Lunar Eclipses 1501 to 2500. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy.

Permission is granted to reproduce eclipse data when accompanied by a link to this page and an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, www.EclipseWise.com"

The use of diagrams and maps is permitted provided that they are NOT altered (except for re-sizing) and the embedded credit line is NOT removed or covered.