Solar Eclipse Prime Page

Hybrid Solar Eclipse of 2023 Apr 20

Fred Espenak

Key to Solar Eclipse Figure (below)

Introduction


The Hybrid Solar Eclipse of 2023 Apr 20 is visible from the following geographic regions:

  • Partial Eclipse: southeast Asia, East Indies, Australia, Philippines, New Zealand
  • Hybrid Eclipse: Australia, Timor-Leste, Indonesia (West Papua and Papua)

The map to the right depicts the geographic regions of eclipse visibility. Click on the map to enlarge it. For an explanation of the features appearing in the map, see Key to Solar Eclipse Maps.

The instant of greatest eclipse takes place on 2023 Apr 20 at 04:17:56 TD (04:16:45 UT1). This is 4.1 days after the Moon reaches perigee. During the eclipse, the Sun is in the constellation Aries. The synodic month in which the eclipse takes place has a Brown Lunation Number of 1241.

The eclipse belongs to Saros 129 and is number 52 of 80 eclipses in the series. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s ascending node. The Moon moves southward with respect to the node with each succeeding eclipse in the series and gamma decreases.

The solar eclipse of 2023 Apr 20 is one of the rare hybrid solar eclipses. In this particular case the eclipse path starts out as annular. Further down the track it changes to total and then back to annular before the path ends.

The hybrid solar eclipse of 2023 Apr 20 is followed two weeks later by a penumbral lunar eclipse on 2023 May 05.

These eclipses all take place during a single eclipse season.

The eclipse predictions are given in both Terrestrial Dynamical Time (TD) and Universal Time (UT1). The parameter ΔT is used to convert between these two times (i.e., UT1 = TD - ΔT). ΔT has a value of 71.1 seconds for this eclipse.

The following links provide maps and data for the eclipse.

Global Map Animation of Solar Eclipse

Michael Zeiler GreatAmericanEclipse.com and
Fred Espenak EclipseWise.com have created a series of eclipse animations - one for every solar eclipse during the 21st Century.

The animation of the Hybrid Solar Eclipse of 2023 Apr 20 shows the path of the Moon's shadows as they sweep across a global map of Earth (an orthographic projection). The vantage point of the animation is as seen from the Moon. The daylight hemisphere of Earth then faces the Moon and the lunar shadows appear perfectly circular with no distorted projection effects as they race across Earth. Another consequence of this viewing geometry is that the Moon's shadows move across the disk of Earth in a straight line.

The Moon's umbral/antumbral shadow appears as a small black disk and tracks along the path of totality or annularity (yellow strip). The much larger penumbral shadow is lightly shaded and is outlined with a solid black edge. A partial eclipse is visible from within the penumbra, while either a total or annular eclipse is visible inside the umbra or antumbra.

The map to the right shows a single frame from the medium size animation for the Hybrid Solar Eclipse of 2023 Apr 20 . In the upper left corner is the type of eclipse and the eclipse date. To the upper right is the Universal Time. The lower left corner displays the instantaneous duration of either totality or annularity. To the lower right is the credit for the animation.

Animations for the Hybrid Solar Eclipse of 2023 Apr 20 are available in three sizes/resolutions: small, medium, and large. They can be viewed through the following links:


Creative Commons License
These animations may be freely used and shared through Creative Commons.
You may use and distribute these eclipse animations as long as they are not modified and you include an attribution.
Solar Eclipse Global Animation by Fred Espenak and Michael Zeiler is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. Based on work at EclipseWise.com and GreatAmericanEclipse.com

Attribution: "Global Map Animation of Eclipse courtesy of Michael Zeiler (GreatAmericanEclipse.com) and Fred Espenak (EclipseWise.com)".

Eclipse Data: Hybrid Solar Eclipse of 2023 Apr 20

Eclipse Characteristics
Parameter Value
Eclipse Magnitude 1.01320
Eclipse Obscuration 1.02657
Gamma-0.39515
Conjunction Times
Event Calendar Date and Time Julian Date
Greatest Eclipse 2023 Apr 20 at 04:17:56.0 TD (04:16:44.9 UT1) 2460054.678297
Ecliptic Conjunction 2023 Apr 20 at 04:13:41.1 TD (04:12:30.0 UT1) 2460054.675347
Equatorial Conjunction 2023 Apr 20 at 03:56:44.7 TD (03:55:33.6 UT1) 2460054.663584
Geocentric Coordinates of Sun and Moon
2023 Apr 20 at 04:17:56.0 TD (04:16:44.9 UT1)
Coordinate Sun Moon
Right Ascension01h51m01.7s01h51m43.2s
Declination+11°24'54.1"+11°04'16.7"
Semi-Diameter 15'55.4" 15'53.6"
Eq. Hor. Parallax 08.8" 0°58'19.9"
Geocentric Libration of Moon
Angle Value
l 4.6°
b 0.5°
c -19.0°
Prediction Parameters
Paramater Value
Ephemerides JPL DE405
ΔT 71.1 s
k (penumbra) 0.2725076
k (umbra) 0.2722810
Saros Series 129 (52/80)

Explanation of Solar Eclipse Data Tables

Penumbral Shadow Contacts and Extremes: Hybrid Solar Eclipse of 2023 Apr 20

Contacts of Penumbral Shadow with Earth
Contact Event Contact Time
TD
Time
UT1
Latitude Longitude
First External ContactP101:35:34.301:34:23.240°17.3'S075°59.5'E
First Internal ContactP203:54:32.203:53:21.178°21.7'S109°54.9'E
Last Internal ContactP304:41:47.904:40:36.834°04.6'S168°15.1'W
Last External ContactP407:00:31.906:59:20.811°16.8'N167°13.6'E
Extreme Northern and Southern Path Limits of Penumbra
Contact Event Contact Time
TD
Time
UT1
Latitude Longitude
North Extreme Path Limit 1N102:35:48.002:34:36.917°25.2'S054°44.0'E
South Extreme Path Limit 1S103:40:24.503:39:13.476°36.7'S156°59.8'E
North Extreme Path Limit 2N205:59:58.305:58:47.234°14.5'N172°01.7'W
South Extreme Path Limit 2S204:56:08.004:54:56.943°25.5'S175°00.5'W

Explanation of Penumbral Shadow Contacts and Extremes Tables

Umbral Shadow Contacts and Extremes: Hybrid Solar Eclipse of 2023 Apr 20

Contacts of Umbral Shadow with Earth
Contact Event Contact Time
TD
Time
UT1
Latitude Longitude
First External ContactU102:38:15.002:37:03.948°26.4'S063°38.0'E
First Internal ContactU202:38:21.702:37:10.648°27.7'S063°37.0'E
Last Internal ContactU305:57:41.305:56:30.202°54.5'N178°47.1'W
Last External ContactU405:57:53.505:56:42.402°57.0'N178°49.7'W
Extreme Northern and Southern Path Limits of Umbra
Contact Event Contact Time
TD
Time
UT1
Latitude Longitude
North Extreme Path Limit 1N102:38:17.302:37:06.248°25.3'S063°36.9'E
South Extreme Path Limit 1S102:38:19.402:37:08.348°28.7'S063°38.0'E
North Extreme Path Limit 2N205:57:49.305:56:38.202°58.9'N178°48.2'W
South Extreme Path Limit 2S205:57:45.505:56:34.402°52.7'N178°48.6'W

Explanation of Umbral Shadow Contacts and Extremes Tables

Central Line Extremes and Duration: Hybrid Solar Eclipse of 2023 Apr 20

Extreme Limits of the Central Line
Contact Event Contact Time
TD
Time
UT1
Latitude Longitude
Extreme Central Line Limit 1C102:38:18.402:37:07.248°27.0'S063°37.5'E
Extreme Central Line Limit 2C205:57:47.405:56:36.302°55.8'N178°48.4'W

Explanation of Central Line Extremes Table

Greatest Eclipse and Greatest Duration
Event Time
TD
Time
UT1
Latitude Longitude Sun
Altitude
Sun
Azimuth
Path Width Central
Duration
Greatest Eclipse04:17:56.004:16:44.909°35.7'S125°46.8'E 66.7° 334.0° 49.0 km01m16.09s
Greatest Duration04:17:26.804:16:15.609°42.5'S125°40.1'E 66.7° 334.6° 48.9 km01m16.09s

Explanation of Greatest Eclipse and Greatest Duration

Polynomial Besselian Elements: Hybrid Solar Eclipse of 2023 Apr 20

Polynomial Besselian Elements
2023 Apr 20 at 04:00:00.0 TD (=t0)
n x y d l1 l2 μ
0 0.02685 -0.42737 11.4118 0.54682 0.00066 240.2429
1 0.49502 0.24420 0.0137 0.00012 0.00012 15.0034
2 0.00001 -0.00005 -0.0000 -0.00001 -0.00001 -0.0000
3 -0.00001 -0.00000 - - - -
Tan ƒ1 0.0046550
Tan ƒ2 0.0046318

At time t1 (decimal hours), each besselian element is evaluated by:

x = x0 + x1*t + x2*t2 + x3*t3 (or x = Σ [xn*tn]; n = 0 to 3)

where: t = t1 - t0 (decimal hours) and t0 = 4.000

Explanation of Polynomial Besselian Elements

Eclipse Publications

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For more visit: AstroPixels Publishing

Links for the Hybrid Solar Eclipse of 2023 Apr 20

Links to Additional Solar Eclipse Information

  • Home - home page of EclipseWise with predictions for both solar and lunar eclipses

Decade Tables of Solar Eclipses:
| 1901 - 1910 | 1911 - 1919 | 1921 - 1930 | 1931 - 1940 | 1941 - 1950 |
| 1951 - 1960 | 1961 - 1970 | 1971 - 1980 | 1981 - 1990 | 1991 - 2000 |
| 2001 - 2010 | 2011 - 2020 | 2021 - 2030 | 2031 - 2040 | 2041 - 2050 |
| 2051 - 2060 | 2061 - 2070 | 2071 - 2080 | 2081 - 2090 | 2091 - 2100 |

Solar Eclipse Publications

Eclipse Publications

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jpeg jpeg
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For more visit: AstroPixels Publishing

Eclipse Predictions

Predictions for the Hybrid Solar Eclipse of 2023 Apr 20 were generated using the JPL DE405 solar and lunar ephemerides. The lunar coordinates were calculated with respect to the Moon's Center of Mass. The predictions are given in both Terrestrial Dynamical Time (TD) and Universal Time (UT1). The parameter ΔT is used to convert between these two times (i.e., UT1 = TD - ΔT). ΔT has a value of 71.1 seconds for this eclipse.

Acknowledgments

Some of the content on this website is based on the books 21st Century Canon of Solar Eclipses and Thousand Year Canon of Solar Eclipses 1501 to 2500. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy.

Permission is granted to reproduce eclipse data when accompanied by a link to this page and an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, www.EclipseWise.com"

The use of diagrams and maps is permitted provided that they are NOT altered (except for re-sizing) and the embedded credit line is NOT removed or concealed.