Path of the Annular Solar Eclipse of 0758 Oct 07
Fred Espenak
Introduction
The following table delineates the path of the Moon's antumbral shadow during the Annular Solar Eclipse of 0758 Oct 07 . The geographic coordinates (WGS 84) of the northern and southern limits and the central line are listed at 120-second intervals. This provides adequate detail for making plots of the path on larger scale maps. Local circumstances on the central line include the ratio of the apparent diameters of the Moon to the Sun, the Sun's altitude and azimuth (degrees), the path width (kilometers) and the duration on the central line (minutes and seconds). See the Explanation of the Central Eclipse Path Table for a description of each column in the table.
The geographic visibility of the eclipse is shown on a global map on the Prime Page for the Eclipse which also includes complete details on the eclipse. The path of the eclipse is displayed in greater detail on an interactive Google Map .
Annular Solar Eclipse of 0758 Oct 07 | |||||||||||
UT1 | Northern Limit | Southern Limit | Central Line | M:S | Sun | Sun | Path | Central | |||
Latitude | Longitude | Latitude | Longitude | Latitude | Longitude | Ratio | Alt. | Azm. | Width | Duration | |
Limits | 00°06.4'N | 076°30.6'E | 02°48.1'S | 075°21.4'E | 01°20.2'S | 075°56.4'E | 0.925 | 0° | - | 334 km | 05m00.4s |
00:44 | 01°47.5'S | 086°38.7'E | - | - | 02°14.0'S | 081°47.2'E | 0.927 | 6° | 97° | 333 km | 05m07.2s |
00:46 | 02°44.1'S | 089°57.6'E | 03°52.0'S | 082°14.4'E | 03°20.6'S | 086°42.5'E | 0.928 | 12° | 96° | 331 km | 05m13.6s |
00:48 | 03°34.2'S | 092°26.9'E | 04°52.3'S | 086°34.6'E | 04°13.8'S | 089°46.4'E | 0.929 | 15° | 96° | 330 km | 05m17.9s |
00:50 | 04°20.8'S | 094°29.2'E | 05°42.6'S | 089°27.7'E | 05°01.7'S | 092°08.0'E | 0.930 | 18° | 95° | 329 km | 05m21.5s |
00:52 | 05°05.1'S | 096°14.1'E | 06°28.7'S | 091°43.6'E | 05°46.6'S | 094°05.6'E | 0.930 | 21° | 95° | 328 km | 05m24.5s |
00:54 | 05°47.7'S | 097°46.5'E | 07°12.1'S | 093°37.4'E | 06°29.5'S | 095°47.1'E | 0.931 | 23° | 95° | 327 km | 05m27.3s |
00:56 | 06°29.0'S | 099°09.3'E | 07°53.8'S | 095°16.1'E | 07°10.9'S | 097°16.9'E | 0.932 | 25° | 94° | 326 km | 05m29.8s |
00:58 | 07°09.2'S | 100°24.6'E | 08°34.2'S | 096°43.9'E | 07°51.2'S | 098°37.8'E | 0.932 | 27° | 94° | 325 km | 05m32.1s |
01:00 | 07°48.6'S | 101°33.8'E | 09°13.6'S | 098°03.1'E | 08°30.6'S | 099°51.5'E | 0.932 | 29° | 93° | 324 km | 05m34.2s |
01:02 | 08°27.2'S | 102°37.9'E | 09°52.1'S | 099°15.5'E | 09°09.1'S | 100°59.3'E | 0.933 | 30° | 93° | 323 km | 05m36.2s |
01:04 | 09°05.2'S | 103°37.6'E | 10°30.0'S | 100°22.2'E | 09°47.0'S | 102°02.3'E | 0.933 | 32° | 92° | 321 km | 05m38.1s |
01:06 | 09°42.7'S | 104°33.7'E | 11°07.2'S | 101°24.3'E | 10°24.4'S | 103°01.1'E | 0.933 | 33° | 91° | 320 km | 05m39.9s |
01:08 | 10°19.7'S | 105°26.4'E | 11°44.0'S | 102°22.3'E | 11°01.3'S | 103°56.3'E | 0.934 | 35° | 91° | 318 km | 05m41.6s |
01:10 | 10°56.3'S | 106°16.4'E | 12°20.3'S | 103°16.9'E | 11°37.8'S | 104°48.4'E | 0.934 | 36° | 90° | 317 km | 05m43.3s |
01:12 | 11°32.5'S | 107°03.8'E | 12°56.3'S | 104°08.4'E | 12°13.8'S | 105°37.8'E | 0.934 | 37° | 89° | 315 km | 05m44.8s |
01:14 | 12°08.4'S | 107°49.0'E | 13°31.9'S | 104°57.2'E | 12°49.6'S | 106°24.7'E | 0.935 | 38° | 88° | 313 km | 05m46.3s |
01:16 | 12°44.0'S | 108°32.2'E | 14°07.3'S | 105°43.7'E | 13°25.1'S | 107°09.4'E | 0.935 | 40° | 88° | 311 km | 05m47.7s |
01:18 | 13°19.3'S | 109°13.6'E | 14°42.3'S | 106°28.1'E | 14°00.2'S | 107°52.2'E | 0.935 | 41° | 87° | 310 km | 05m49.1s |
01:20 | 13°54.3'S | 109°53.3'E | 15°17.2'S | 107°10.6'E | 14°35.2'S | 108°33.3'E | 0.935 | 42° | 86° | 308 km | 05m50.4s |
01:22 | 14°29.1'S | 110°31.6'E | 15°51.8'S | 107°51.4'E | 15°09.9'S | 109°12.8'E | 0.935 | 43° | 85° | 306 km | 05m51.6s |
01:24 | 15°03.7'S | 111°08.6'E | 16°26.3'S | 108°30.6'E | 15°44.4'S | 109°50.8'E | 0.936 | 44° | 84° | 304 km | 05m52.8s |
01:26 | 15°38.2'S | 111°44.3'E | 17°00.5'S | 109°08.5'E | 16°18.8'S | 110°27.6'E | 0.936 | 45° | 83° | 302 km | 05m54.0s |
01:28 | 16°12.4'S | 112°18.9'E | 17°34.6'S | 109°45.1'E | 16°53.0'S | 111°03.1'E | 0.936 | 46° | 82° | 301 km | 05m55.1s |
01:30 | 16°46.5'S | 112°52.6'E | 18°08.6'S | 110°20.6'E | 17°27.0'S | 111°37.6'E | 0.936 | 47° | 81° | 299 km | 05m56.1s |
01:32 | 17°20.4'S | 113°25.3'E | 18°42.5'S | 110°55.0'E | 18°00.9'S | 112°11.1'E | 0.936 | 48° | 80° | 297 km | 05m57.1s |
01:34 | 17°54.2'S | 113°57.2'E | 19°16.2'S | 111°28.4'E | 18°34.7'S | 112°43.8'E | 0.937 | 49° | 79° | 295 km | 05m58.1s |
01:36 | 18°27.8'S | 114°28.3'E | 19°49.9'S | 112°01.0'E | 19°08.3'S | 113°15.6'E | 0.937 | 50° | 78° | 293 km | 05m59.1s |
01:38 | 19°01.4'S | 114°58.7'E | 20°23.4'S | 112°32.8'E | 19°41.9'S | 113°46.7'E | 0.937 | 50° | 76° | 291 km | 06m00.0s |
01:40 | 19°34.8'S | 115°28.5'E | 20°56.9'S | 113°03.9'E | 20°15.3'S | 114°17.1'E | 0.937 | 51° | 75° | 290 km | 06m00.8s |
01:42 | 20°08.2'S | 115°57.7'E | 21°30.3'S | 113°34.3'E | 20°48.7'S | 114°46.9'E | 0.937 | 52° | 74° | 288 km | 06m01.6s |
01:44 | 20°41.4'S | 116°26.4'E | 22°03.6'S | 114°04.2'E | 21°22.0'S | 115°16.2'E | 0.937 | 53° | 72° | 286 km | 06m02.4s |
01:46 | 21°14.6'S | 116°54.6'E | 22°36.9'S | 114°33.5'E | 21°55.2'S | 115°44.9'E | 0.937 | 53° | 71° | 284 km | 06m03.2s |
01:48 | 21°47.7'S | 117°22.4'E | 23°10.2'S | 115°02.4'E | 22°28.4'S | 116°13.3'E | 0.937 | 54° | 69° | 283 km | 06m03.9s |
01:50 | 22°20.7'S | 117°49.9'E | 23°43.4'S | 115°30.8'E | 23°01.5'S | 116°41.2'E | 0.938 | 55° | 68° | 281 km | 06m04.6s |
01:52 | 22°53.7'S | 118°17.0'E | 24°16.5'S | 115°58.9'E | 23°34.6'S | 117°08.8'E | 0.938 | 55° | 66° | 279 km | 06m05.3s |
01:54 | 23°26.6'S | 118°43.9'E | 24°49.7'S | 116°26.7'E | 24°07.6'S | 117°36.1'E | 0.938 | 56° | 65° | 278 km | 06m05.9s |
01:56 | 23°59.4'S | 119°10.5'E | 25°22.8'S | 116°54.1'E | 24°40.6'S | 118°03.1'E | 0.938 | 56° | 63° | 276 km | 06m06.5s |
01:58 | 24°32.3'S | 119°37.0'E | 25°55.9'S | 117°21.4'E | 25°13.6'S | 118°29.9'E | 0.938 | 57° | 61° | 275 km | 06m07.0s |
02:00 | 25°05.0'S | 120°03.2'E | 26°29.0'S | 117°48.4'E | 25°46.5'S | 118°56.6'E | 0.938 | 57° | 59° | 273 km | 06m07.6s |
02:02 | 25°37.8'S | 120°29.4'E | 27°02.1'S | 118°15.3'E | 26°19.4'S | 119°23.1'E | 0.938 | 58° | 58° | 272 km | 06m08.1s |
02:04 | 26°10.5'S | 120°55.4'E | 27°35.2'S | 118°42.1'E | 26°52.4'S | 119°49.5'E | 0.938 | 58° | 56° | 271 km | 06m08.5s |
02:06 | 26°43.2'S | 121°21.4'E | 28°08.4'S | 119°08.8'E | 27°25.3'S | 120°15.8'E | 0.938 | 58° | 54° | 269 km | 06m08.9s |
02:08 | 27°15.9'S | 121°47.4'E | 28°41.5'S | 119°35.4'E | 27°58.2'S | 120°42.2'E | 0.938 | 59° | 52° | 268 km | 06m09.4s |
02:10 | 27°48.5'S | 122°13.5'E | 29°14.7'S | 120°02.1'E | 28°31.1'S | 121°08.5'E | 0.938 | 59° | 50° | 267 km | 06m09.7s |
02:12 | 28°21.2'S | 122°39.6'E | 29°47.8'S | 120°28.8'E | 29°04.0'S | 121°34.9'E | 0.938 | 59° | 48° | 266 km | 06m10.1s |
02:14 | 28°53.8'S | 123°05.7'E | 30°21.0'S | 120°55.6'E | 29°36.9'S | 122°01.4'E | 0.938 | 60° | 46° | 264 km | 06m10.4s |
02:16 | 29°26.5'S | 123°32.0'E | 30°54.3'S | 121°22.5'E | 30°09.9'S | 122°28.0'E | 0.938 | 60° | 43° | 263 km | 06m10.6s |
02:18 | 29°59.1'S | 123°58.5'E | 31°27.6'S | 121°49.5'E | 30°42.8'S | 122°54.7'E | 0.938 | 60° | 41° | 262 km | 06m10.9s |
02:20 | 30°31.7'S | 124°25.2'E | 32°00.9'S | 122°16.8'E | 31°15.8'S | 123°21.7'E | 0.938 | 60° | 39° | 261 km | 06m11.1s |
02:22 | 31°04.4'S | 124°52.0'E | 32°34.3'S | 122°44.2'E | 31°48.8'S | 123°48.8'E | 0.938 | 60° | 37° | 260 km | 06m11.3s |
02:24 | 31°37.1'S | 125°19.2'E | 33°07.7'S | 123°12.0'E | 32°21.9'S | 124°16.3'E | 0.938 | 60° | 35° | 260 km | 06m11.4s |
02:26 | 32°09.8'S | 125°46.7'E | 33°41.2'S | 123°40.1'E | 32°55.0'S | 124°44.1'E | 0.938 | 60° | 33° | 259 km | 06m11.6s |
02:28 | 32°42.5'S | 126°14.5'E | 34°14.7'S | 124°08.5'E | 33°28.1'S | 125°12.2'E | 0.939 | 60° | 30° | 258 km | 06m11.6s |
02:30 | 33°15.2'S | 126°42.7'E | 34°48.3'S | 124°37.3'E | 34°01.2'S | 125°40.7'E | 0.938 | 60° | 28° | 257 km | 06m11.7s |
02:32 | 33°47.9'S | 127°11.3'E | 35°22.0'S | 125°06.5'E | 34°34.5'S | 126°09.6'E | 0.938 | 60° | 26° | 257 km | 06m11.7s |
02:34 | 34°20.7'S | 127°40.4'E | 35°55.8'S | 125°36.2'E | 35°07.7'S | 126°39.0'E | 0.938 | 60° | 24° | 256 km | 06m11.7s |
02:36 | 34°53.5'S | 128°10.0'E | 36°29.6'S | 126°06.5'E | 35°41.0'S | 127°08.9'E | 0.938 | 59° | 21° | 255 km | 06m11.6s |
02:38 | 35°26.4'S | 128°40.2'E | 37°03.5'S | 126°37.3'E | 36°14.4'S | 127°39.4'E | 0.938 | 59° | 19° | 255 km | 06m11.5s |
02:40 | 35°59.2'S | 129°10.9'E | 37°37.5'S | 127°08.8'E | 36°47.8'S | 128°10.5'E | 0.938 | 59° | 17° | 254 km | 06m11.4s |
02:42 | 36°32.2'S | 129°42.3'E | 38°11.6'S | 127°40.9'E | 37°21.3'S | 128°42.3'E | 0.938 | 59° | 15° | 254 km | 06m11.2s |
02:44 | 37°05.1'S | 130°14.4'E | 38°45.7'S | 128°13.8'E | 37°54.9'S | 129°14.8'E | 0.938 | 58° | 13° | 254 km | 06m11.0s |
02:46 | 37°38.1'S | 130°47.3'E | 39°20.0'S | 128°47.5'E | 38°28.5'S | 129°48.1'E | 0.938 | 58° | 11° | 253 km | 06m10.8s |
02:48 | 38°11.2'S | 131°20.9'E | 39°54.4'S | 129°22.1'E | 39°02.2'S | 130°22.2'E | 0.938 | 57° | 8° | 253 km | 06m10.5s |
02:50 | 38°44.3'S | 131°55.4'E | 40°28.8'S | 129°57.6'E | 39°36.0'S | 130°57.2'E | 0.938 | 57° | 6° | 253 km | 06m10.2s |
02:52 | 39°17.4'S | 132°30.9'E | 41°03.4'S | 130°34.1'E | 40°09.8'S | 131°33.1'E | 0.938 | 57° | 4° | 253 km | 06m09.8s |
02:54 | 39°50.6'S | 133°07.3'E | 41°38.1'S | 131°11.6'E | 40°43.7'S | 132°10.1'E | 0.938 | 56° | 2° | 253 km | 06m09.4s |
02:56 | 40°23.8'S | 133°44.8'E | 42°12.8'S | 131°50.4'E | 41°17.7'S | 132°48.2'E | 0.938 | 55° | 0° | 253 km | 06m09.0s |
02:58 | 40°57.1'S | 134°23.4'E | 42°47.7'S | 132°30.3'E | 41°51.8'S | 133°27.5'E | 0.938 | 55° | 358° | 253 km | 06m08.5s |
03:00 | 41°30.5'S | 135°03.3'E | 43°22.7'S | 133°11.6'E | 42°25.9'S | 134°08.1'E | 0.938 | 54° | 356° | 253 km | 06m07.9s |
03:02 | 42°03.9'S | 135°44.4'E | 43°57.8'S | 133°54.4'E | 43°00.2'S | 134°50.0'E | 0.938 | 54° | 354° | 253 km | 06m07.4s |
03:04 | 42°37.3'S | 136°27.0'E | 44°33.1'S | 134°38.6'E | 43°34.5'S | 135°33.4'E | 0.938 | 53° | 352° | 253 km | 06m06.7s |
03:06 | 43°10.8'S | 137°11.0'E | 45°08.4'S | 135°24.6'E | 44°08.9'S | 136°18.4'E | 0.938 | 52° | 350° | 253 km | 06m06.0s |
03:08 | 43°44.3'S | 137°56.6'E | 45°43.9'S | 136°12.3'E | 44°43.4'S | 137°05.0'E | 0.937 | 52° | 348° | 254 km | 06m05.3s |
03:10 | 44°17.9'S | 138°44.0'E | 46°19.5'S | 137°02.0'E | 45°17.9'S | 137°53.5'E | 0.937 | 51° | 347° | 254 km | 06m04.5s |
03:12 | 44°51.5'S | 139°33.1'E | 46°55.2'S | 137°53.7'E | 45°52.5'S | 138°43.9'E | 0.937 | 50° | 345° | 254 km | 06m03.7s |
03:14 | 45°25.1'S | 140°24.3'E | 47°31.0'S | 138°47.7'E | 46°27.2'S | 139°36.4'E | 0.937 | 49° | 343° | 255 km | 06m02.8s |
03:16 | 45°58.8'S | 141°17.5'E | 48°06.9'S | 139°44.1'E | 47°02.0'S | 140°31.2'E | 0.937 | 48° | 341° | 255 km | 06m01.8s |
03:18 | 46°32.5'S | 142°13.0'E | 48°42.9'S | 140°43.1'E | 47°36.8'S | 141°28.4'E | 0.937 | 47° | 339° | 256 km | 06m00.8s |
03:20 | 47°06.2'S | 143°11.0'E | 49°19.0'S | 141°44.9'E | 48°11.7'S | 142°28.2'E | 0.937 | 47° | 337° | 257 km | 05m59.8s |
03:22 | 47°39.9'S | 144°11.6'E | 49°55.2'S | 142°49.9'E | 48°46.6'S | 143°30.9'E | 0.936 | 46° | 335° | 257 km | 05m58.7s |
03:24 | 48°13.6'S | 145°15.1'E | 50°31.5'S | 143°58.2'E | 49°21.6'S | 144°36.7'E | 0.936 | 45° | 333° | 258 km | 05m57.5s |
03:26 | 48°47.3'S | 146°21.7'E | 51°07.8'S | 145°10.2'E | 49°56.5'S | 145°45.9'E | 0.936 | 44° | 331° | 259 km | 05m56.2s |
03:28 | 49°20.9'S | 147°31.6'E | 51°44.2'S | 146°26.2'E | 50°31.5'S | 146°58.7'E | 0.936 | 43° | 330° | 260 km | 05m54.9s |
03:30 | 49°54.5'S | 148°45.2'E | 52°20.6'S | 147°46.7'E | 51°06.4'S | 148°15.5'E | 0.936 | 41° | 328° | 261 km | 05m53.5s |
03:32 | 50°27.9'S | 150°02.8'E | 52°57.0'S | 149°12.0'E | 51°41.2'S | 149°36.8'E | 0.936 | 40° | 326° | 262 km | 05m52.0s |
03:34 | 51°01.3'S | 151°24.8'E | 53°33.3'S | 150°42.7'E | 52°16.0'S | 151°02.8'E | 0.935 | 39° | 324° | 264 km | 05m50.5s |
03:36 | 51°34.4'S | 152°51.6'E | 54°09.5'S | 152°19.4'E | 52°50.7'S | 152°34.3'E | 0.935 | 38° | 321° | 265 km | 05m48.8s |
03:38 | 52°07.4'S | 154°23.6'E | 54°45.7'S | 154°02.8'E | 53°25.1'S | 154°11.6'E | 0.935 | 37° | 319° | 267 km | 05m47.1s |
03:40 | 52°40.1'S | 156°01.6'E | 55°21.6'S | 155°53.7'E | 53°59.4'S | 155°55.5'E | 0.935 | 35° | 317° | 268 km | 05m45.3s |
03:42 | 53°12.4'S | 157°46.1'E | 55°57.2'S | 157°53.0'E | 54°33.3'S | 157°46.9'E | 0.934 | 34° | 315° | 270 km | 05m43.4s |
03:44 | 53°44.3'S | 159°37.8'E | 56°32.4'S | 160°02.1'E | 55°06.7'S | 159°46.6'E | 0.934 | 33° | 312° | 272 km | 05m41.4s |
03:46 | 54°15.7'S | 161°37.9'E | 57°07.0'S | 162°22.2'E | 55°39.7'S | 161°55.8'E | 0.934 | 31° | 310° | 274 km | 05m39.2s |
03:48 | 54°46.4'S | 163°47.3'E | 57°40.9'S | 164°55.3'E | 56°11.9'S | 164°15.9'E | 0.933 | 30° | 307° | 276 km | 05m37.0s |
03:50 | 55°16.3'S | 166°07.6'E | 58°13.8'S | 167°43.7'E | 56°43.3'S | 166°48.8'E | 0.933 | 28° | 304° | 279 km | 05m34.6s |
03:52 | 55°45.1'S | 168°40.4'E | 58°45.4'S | 170°50.4'E | 57°13.4'S | 169°36.7'E | 0.932 | 26° | 301° | 282 km | 05m32.0s |
03:54 | 56°12.5'S | 171°28.2'E | 59°15.1'S | 174°19.7'E | 57°42.0'S | 172°42.7'E | 0.932 | 24° | 298° | 285 km | 05m29.2s |
03:56 | 56°38.2'S | 174°33.9'E | 59°42.2'S | 178°17.9'E | 58°08.5'S | 176°11.1'E | 0.932 | 22° | 294° | 289 km | 05m26.2s |
03:58 | 57°01.5'S | 178°02.2'E | 60°05.6'S | 177°04.9'W | 58°32.1'S | 179°51.7'W | 0.931 | 20° | 290° | 293 km | 05m22.9s |
04:00 | 57°21.5'S | 178°00.4'W | 60°22.9'S | 171°30.6'W | 58°51.4'S | 175°15.1'W | 0.930 | 17° | 286° | 297 km | 05m19.2s |
04:02 | 57°36.6'S | 173°22.3'W | 60°29.1'S | 164°16.8'W | 59°03.9'S | 169°39.4'W | 0.930 | 14° | 280° | 303 km | 05m14.9s |
04:04 | 57°43.9'S | 167°41.3'W | 60°01.1'S | 152°08.9'W | 59°03.3'S | 162°14.9'W | 0.929 | 10° | 273° | 311 km | 05m09.4s |
04:06 | 57°35.1'S | 159°54.9'W | - | - | 58°05.0'S | 147°01.5'W | 0.926 | 2° | 260° | 328 km | 04m58.9s |
Limits | 56°19.1'S | 144°42.8'W | 59°07.6'S | 142°42.9'W | 57°42.8'S | 143°45.1'W | 0.926 | 0° | - | 332 km | 04m56.9s |
ΔT = 3276.1 seconds
Greatest Eclipse and Greatest Duration | ||||||||
Event | Time TD |
Time UT1 |
Latitude | Longitude | Sun Altitude |
Sun Azimuth |
Path Width | Central Duration |
Greatest Eclipse | 03:19:25.1 | 02:24:49.0 | 32°35.4'S | 110°46.3'E | 60.1° | 33.8° | 259.3 km | 06m11.49s |
Greatest Duration | 03:26:27.7 | 02:31:51.6 | 34°32.1'S | 126°07.6'E | 59.8° | 26.0° | 256.7 km | 06m11.70s |
Links for the Annular Solar Eclipse of 0758 Oct 07
Links to Additional Solar Eclipse Predictions
- Home - home page of EclipseWise with predictions for both solar and lunar eclipses
- Solar Eclipses - primary page for solar eclipse predictions
- Solar Eclipse Links - detailed directory of links
Eclipse Predictions
Predictions for the Annular Solar Eclipse of 0758 Oct 07 were generated using the JPL DE406 solar and lunar ephemerides. The lunar coordinates were calculated with respect to the Moon's Center of Mass. Although the predictions are first calculated in Terrestrial Dynamical Time (TD), they are then converted to Universal Time (UT1) as presented here. The parameter ΔT is used to convert between the two times (i.e., UT1 = TD - ΔT). ΔT has a value of 3276.1 seconds for this eclipse. The uncertainty in ΔT is 90.1 seconds corresponding to a standard error in longitude of the eclipse path of ± 0.38°.
Acknowledgments
All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy.
Permission is granted to reproduce eclipse data when accompanied by a link to this page and an acknowledgment:
"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, EclipseWise.com"
The use of diagrams and maps is permitted provided that they are unaltered (except for re-sizing) and the embedded credit line is not removed or covered.