Saros 154

Catalog of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 154

Fred Espenak

Introduction

A lunar eclipse occurs whenever the Moon passes through Earth's shadow. At least two lunar eclipses and as many as five occur every year.

The periodicity and recurrence of lunar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and the same time of year due to a harmonic in three cycles of the Moon's orbit. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 15 centuries and contains about 70 to 80 eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of penumbral lunar eclipses. The series will then produce several dozen partial eclipses, followed by several dozen total eclipses. The later portion of the series produces another set of partial eclipses before ending with a final group of penumbral eclipses.

Catalog of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 154

The table below lists the concise characteristics of every lunar eclipse belonging to Saros 154 . The date and time of each eclipse is given for the instant of Greatest Eclipse. For eclipses between the years -1999 to 3000, the calendar date links to a web page containing additional details along with a diagram of the eclipse geometry and a map showing the geographic region of eclipse visibility for that eclipse. A description of each parameter in the catalog table can be found in Key to Saros Catalog of Lunar Eclipses.

Catalog of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 154
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s
ΔT Sigma
s
Luna Num Ecl Type QSE Gamma Pen Mag Um Mag Pen Dur
m
Par Dur
m
Tot Dur
m
1-33 2237-May-1023:45:33 344 171 2935 Nb t- 1.5297 0.0864-0.9831 90.2 - -
2-32 2255-May-2206:33:14 384 193 3158 N t- 1.4630 0.2083-0.8603138.8 - -
3-31 2273-Jun-0113:13:38 426 216 3381 N t- 1.3903 0.3413-0.7267175.8 - -
4-30 2291-Jun-1219:47:40 470 240 3604 N t- 1.3123 0.4841-0.5835206.8 - -
5-29 2309-Jun-2402:17:41 518 266 3827 N t- 1.2308 0.6338-0.4339233.5 - -
6-28 2327-Jul-0508:44:31 568 292 4050 N t- 1.1464 0.7889-0.2791256.8 - -
7-27 2345-Jul-1515:10:58 620 319 4273 N t- 1.0613 0.9453-0.1234276.9 - -
8-26 2363-Jul-2621:36:01 675 346 4496 P t- 0.9749 1.1045 0.0347294.6 45.9 -
9-25 2381-Aug-0604:04:38 733 375 4719 P t- 0.8908 1.2595 0.1882309.6104.6 -
10-24 2399-Aug-1710:35:25 793 405 4942 P t- 0.8081 1.4122 0.3391322.4137.3 -
11-23 2417-Aug-2717:11:32 856 435 5165 P t- 0.7295 1.5574 0.4823333.1160.1 -
12-22 2435-Sep-0723:52:35 921 467 5388 P t- 0.6545 1.6960 0.6187342.0177.3 -
13-21 2453-Sep-1806:42:15 989 499 5611 P t- 0.5863 1.8224 0.7427349.1190.2 -
14-20 2471-Sep-2913:39:36 1059 532 5834 P t- 0.5238 1.9384 0.8561354.8200.0 -
15-19 2489-Oct-0920:45:33 1132 565 6057 P t- 0.4679 2.0423 0.9575359.3207.5 -
16-18 2507-Oct-2204:00:55 1208 600 6280 T t- 0.4193 2.1326 1.0455362.7213.0 34.8
17-17 2525-Nov-0111:26:29 1286 635 6503 T t- 0.3790 2.2077 1.1183365.1217.0 54.7
18-16 2543-Nov-1219:00:49 1367 672 6726 T t- 0.3451 2.2709 1.1797366.8219.8 66.0
19-15 2561-Nov-2302:43:38 1450 709 6949 T p- 0.3178 2.3217 1.2289367.9221.8 73.1
20-14 2579-Dec-0410:34:11 1536 747 7172 T p- 0.2963 2.3616 1.2679368.6223.2 77.8
21-13 2597-Dec-1418:32:05 1625 785 7395 T p- 0.2805 2.3908 1.2966368.8224.0 80.9
22-12 2615-Dec-2702:33:55 1716 824 7618 T+ p- 0.2678 2.4140 1.3202368.7224.5 83.2
23-11 2634-Jan-0610:40:37 1809 865 7841 T+ p- 0.2586 2.4304 1.3375368.4224.8 84.7
24-10 2652-Jan-1718:48:24 1905 906 8064 T+ p- 0.2500 2.4452 1.3540367.9225.0 86.1
25 -9 2670-Jan-2802:57:40 2004 947 8287 T+ p- 0.2422 2.4584 1.3697367.2225.1 87.3
26 -8 2688-Feb-0811:03:27 2106 990 8510 T+ p- 0.2310 2.4772 1.3916366.5225.4 89.0
27 -7 2706-Feb-1919:08:29 2210 1033 8733 T+ p- 0.2188 2.4977 1.4160365.7225.7 90.7
28 -6 2724-Mar-0203:07:50 2316 1077 8956 T+ p- 0.2018 2.5267 1.4493364.9226.2 92.9
29 -5 2742-Mar-1311:02:34 2425 1121 9179 T+ p- 0.1801 2.5641 1.4917364.1226.9 95.3
30 -4 2760-Mar-2318:49:51 2537 1167 9402 T+ pp 0.1516 2.6136 1.5466363.3227.6 98.0
31 -3 2778-Apr-0402:31:45 2651 1213 9625 T+ pp 0.1178 2.6726 1.6114362.4228.3100.5
32 -2 2796-Apr-1410:05:52 2768 1260 9848 T+ pp 0.0770 2.7446 1.6893361.3228.8102.6
33 -1 2814-Apr-2517:33:01 2887 1308 10071 T+ pp 0.0296 2.8284 1.7792360.0228.9103.9
34 0 2832-May-0600:53:22 3009 1356 10294 T- pp -0.0243 2.8352 1.7920358.3228.4103.9
35 1 2850-May-1708:08:06 3134 1405 10517 T- pp -0.0839 2.7229 1.6855356.1227.2102.3
36 2 2868-May-2715:16:48 3261 1455 10740 T- pp -0.1492 2.6001 1.5685353.3224.9 98.3
37 3 2886-Jun-0722:21:26 3390 1506 10963 T- pp -0.2187 2.4698 1.4436349.7221.5 91.4
38 4 2904-Jun-1905:22:41 3523 1557 11186 T pp -0.2920 2.3329 1.3117345.3216.6 80.4
39 5 2922-Jun-3012:22:20 3658 1609 11409 T -p -0.3674 2.1921 1.1755340.0210.2 63.1
40 6 2940-Jul-1019:19:56 3795 1662 11632 T -t -0.4455 2.0469 1.0345333.7202.0 29.2
Catalog of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 154
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s
ΔT Sigma
s
Luna Num Ecl Type QSE Gamma Pen Mag Um Mag Pen Dur
m
Par Dur
m
Tot Dur
m
41 7 2958-Jul-2202:19:15 3935 1716 11855 P -t -0.5227 1.9033 0.8945326.6192.1 -
42 8 2976-Aug-0109:19:36 4078 1770 12078 P -t -0.6001 1.7597 0.7541318.5180.1 -
43 9 2994-Aug-1216:24:41 4223 1825 12301 P -t -0.6742 1.6224 0.6195309.8166.4 -
44 10 3012-Aug-2323:32:33 4368 1880 12524 P -t -0.7468 1.4881 0.4872300.4150.2 -
45 11 3030-Sep-0406:48:14 4518 1937 12747 P -h -0.8139 1.3642 0.3649290.7132.0 -
46 12 3048-Sep-1414:09:06 4671 1994 12970 P -h -0.8776 1.2467 0.2487280.6110.4 -
47 13 3066-Sep-2521:38:29 4826 2052 13193 P -a -0.9349 1.1411 0.1439270.7 85.0 -
48 14 3084-Oct-0605:15:15 4984 2110 13416 P -a -0.9870 1.0453 0.0486261.0 49.9 -
49 15 3102-Oct-1813:01:53 5144 2169 13639 N -a -1.0318 0.9630-0.0335251.9 - -
50 16 3120-Oct-2820:57:12 5307 2229 13862 N -a -1.0703 0.8924-0.1041243.6 - -
51 17 3138-Nov-0905:00:55 5473 2290 14085 N -a -1.1028 0.8327-0.1637236.1 - -
52 18 3156-Nov-1913:14:01 5641 2351 14308 N -a -1.1282 0.7862-0.2103229.8 - -
53 19 3174-Nov-3021:34:56 5812 2413 14531 N -a -1.1476 0.7505-0.2458224.8 - -
54 20 3192-Dec-1106:03:30 5985 2476 14754 N -a -1.1617 0.7245-0.2716220.8 - -
55 21 3210-Dec-2214:37:10 6161 2540 14977 N -a -1.1722 0.7049-0.2905217.7 - -
56 22 3229-Jan-0123:16:54 6340 2604 15200 N -a -1.1783 0.6932-0.3013215.6 - -
57 23 3247-Jan-1307:59:39 6521 2669 15423 N -a -1.1825 0.6849-0.3082213.9 - -
58 24 3265-Jan-2316:44:52 6704 2734 15646 N -a -1.1850 0.6792-0.3120212.6 - -
59 25 3283-Feb-0401:30:12 6891 2801 15869 N -a -1.1880 0.6726-0.3164211.2 - -
60 26 3301-Feb-1510:15:19 7079 2868 16092 N -a -1.1918 0.6643-0.3219209.5 - -
61 27 3319-Feb-2618:57:29 7271 2935 16315 N -a -1.1984 0.6505-0.3326207.1 - -
62 28 3337-Mar-0903:36:00 7465 3004 16538 N -a -1.2085 0.6302-0.3493203.8 - -
63 29 3355-Mar-2012:09:40 7661 3073 16761 N -a -1.2231 0.6016-0.3741199.1 - -
64 30 3373-Mar-3020:38:22 7860 3142 16984 N -a -1.2419 0.5650-0.4068193.2 - -
65 31 3391-Apr-1104:59:21 8062 3213 17207 N -a -1.2678 0.5155-0.4521185.0 - -
66 32 3409-Apr-2213:14:23 8266 3284 17430 N -a -1.2988 0.4565-0.5070174.7 - -
67 33 3427-May-0321:21:31 8473 3356 17653 N -a -1.3367 0.3849-0.5746161.2 - -
68 34 3445-May-1405:23:09 8682 3428 17876 N -a -1.3792 0.3050-0.6507144.3 - -
69 35 3463-May-2513:16:02 8894 3502 18099 N -a -1.4291 0.2117-0.7404121.0 - -
70 36 3481-Jun-0421:04:49 9109 3576 18322 N -a -1.4825 0.1121-0.8368 88.7 - -
71 37 3499-Jun-1604:46:43 9326 3650 18545 Ne -a -1.5419 0.0017-0.9445 11.1 - -

Statistics for Lunar Eclipses of Saros 154

Lunar eclipses of Saros 154 all occur at the Moon’s ascending node and the Moon moves southward with each eclipse. The series began with a penumbral eclipse near the northern edge of the penumbra on 2237 May 10. The series ended with a penumbral eclipse near the southern edge of the penumbra on 3499 Jun 16. The total duration of Saros series 154 is 1262.11 years.

Summary of Saros 154
First Eclipse 2237 May 10
Last Eclipse 3499 Jun 16
Series Duration 1262.11 Years
No. of Eclipses 71
Sequence 7N 8P 25T 8P 23N

Saros 154 is composed of 71 lunar eclipses as follows:

Lunar Eclipses of Saros 154
Eclipse Type Symbol Number Percent
All Eclipses - 71100.0%
PenumbralN 30 42.3%
PartialP 16 22.5%
TotalT 25 35.2%

The 71 lunar eclipses of Saros 154 occur in the order of 7N 8P 25T 8P 23N which corresponds to the following.

Sequence Order of Lunar Eclipses in Saros 154
Eclipse Type Symbol Number
Penumbral N 7
Partial P 8
Total T 25
Partial P 8
Penumbral N 23

The longest and shortest eclipses of Saros 154 as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses appear below.

Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 154
Extrema Type Date Duration Magnitude
Longest Total Lunar Eclipse 2832 May 0601h43m56s -
Shortest Total Lunar Eclipse 2940 Jul 1000h29m09s -
Longest Partial Lunar Eclipse 2489 Oct 0903h27m30s -
Shortest Partial Lunar Eclipse 2363 Jul 2600h45m51s -
Longest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse 2345 Jul 1504h36m56s -
Shortest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse 3499 Jun 1600h11m04s -
Largest Partial Lunar Eclipse 2489 Oct 09 - 0.95753
Smallest Partial Lunar Eclipse 2363 Jul 26 - 0.03469

Links to Additional Lunar Eclipse Predictions

  • Home - home page of EclipseWise with predictions for both Solar and lunar eclipses

Eclipse Publications

by Fred Espenak

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Calendar

The Gregorian calendar (also called the Western calendar) is internationally the most widely used civil calendar. It is named for Pope Gregory XIII, who introduced it in 1582. On this website, the Gregorian calendar is used for all calendar dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates.

The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..

Eclipse Predictions

The eclipse predictions presented here were generated using the JPL DE406 solar and lunar ephemerides. The lunar coordinates have been calculated with respect to the Moon's Center of Mass.

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

  1. pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
  2. 1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
  3. future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -2999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.

Acknowledgments

Some of the content on this web site is based on the books Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Thousand Year Canon of Lunar Eclipses 1501 to 2500. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy.

Permission is granted to reproduce eclipse data when accompanied by a link to this page and an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, www.EclipseWise.com"

The use of diagrams and maps is permitted provided that they are NOT altered (except for re-sizing) and the embedded credit line is NOT removed or covered.