Saros 157

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 157

Fred Espenak

Introduction

A solar eclipse occurs whenever the Moon's shadow passes across Earth's surface. At least two solar eclipses and as many as five occur every year.

The periodicity and recurrence of solar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and the same time of year due to a harmonic in three cycles of the Moon's orbit. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 13 centuries and contains 70 or more eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near one of Earth's polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole. For more information, see Periodicity of Solar Eclipses.

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 157

The table below lists the concise characteristics of every solar eclipse belonging to Saros 157 . The date and time of each eclipse is given for the instant of Greatest Eclipse. For eclipses between the years -1999 to 3000, the calendar date links to a web page containing additional details and a map showing the geographic region of eclipse visibility for that eclipse. A description of each parameter in the catalog table can be found in Key to Saros Catalog of Solar Eclipses.

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 157
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s
ΔT Sigma
s
Luna Num Ecl Type QLE Gamma Ecl Mag Lat

°
Long

°
Sun Alt
°
Path Width km Central Dur
1-33 2058-Jun-2100:19:35 88 13 723 Pb t- 1.4869 0.1261 66N 10E 0 - -
2-32 2076-Jul-0106:50:43 100 22 946 P t- 1.4005 0.2746 67N 98W 0 - -
3-31 2094-Jul-1213:24:35 116 34 1169 P t- 1.3149 0.4225 68N 152E 0 - -
4-30 2112-Jul-2319:58:32 133 47 1392 P t- 1.2284 0.5725 69N 43E 0 - -
5-29 2130-Aug-0402:38:44 154 61 1615 P t- 1.1460 0.7159 70N 69W 0 - -
6-28 2148-Aug-1409:22:21 176 77 1838 P t- 1.0654 0.8563 71N 177E 0 - -
7-27 2166-Aug-2516:13:35 202 94 2061 An t- 0.9900 0.9531 74N 41E 7 - 03m00s
8-26 2184-Sep-0423:11:00 230 112 2284 A t- 0.9185 0.9576 67N 124W 23 39303m12s
9-25 2202-Sep-1706:18:53 261 131 2507 A t- 0.8545 0.9597 57N 113E 31 28103m24s
10-24 2220-Sep-2713:35:07 294 151 2730 A p- 0.7966 0.9609 48N 4W 37 23203m36s
11-23 2238-Oct-0821:01:18 329 173 2953 A p- 0.7459 0.9618 40N 121W 41 20603m47s
12-22 2256-Oct-1904:37:31 368 195 3176 A p- 0.7025 0.9624 33N 121E 45 19003m59s
13-21 2274-Oct-3012:24:17 409 218 3399 A p- 0.6666 0.9629 27N 1E 48 17904m08s
14-20 2292-Nov-0920:20:06 452 242 3622 A p- 0.6375 0.9635 22N 120W 50 17104m14s
15-19 2310-Nov-2204:24:19 498 268 3845 A p- 0.6145 0.9642 18N 117E 52 16404m16s
16-18 2328-Dec-0212:36:36 547 294 4068 A p- 0.5974 0.9652 15N 8W 53 15704m13s
17-17 2346-Dec-1320:55:35 598 321 4291 A p- 0.5848 0.9665 13N 134W 54 14904m04s
18-16 2364-Dec-2405:18:58 652 349 4514 A p- 0.5752 0.9683 12N 99E 55 13903m48s
19-15 2383-Jan-0413:46:25 708 377 4737 A p- 0.5682 0.9706 11N 29W 55 12703m26s
20-14 2401-Jan-1422:15:19 767 407 4960 A p- 0.5617 0.9735 12N 158W 56 11403m00s
21-13 2419-Jan-2606:44:36 828 438 5183 A p- 0.5549 0.9770 13N 74E 56 9702m30s
22-12 2437-Feb-0515:11:24 892 469 5406 A p- 0.5453 0.9810 15N 54W 57 7901m58s
23-11 2455-Feb-1623:36:26 959 501 5629 A p- 0.5334 0.9857 17N 179E 58 5901m25s
24-10 2473-Feb-2707:56:50 1028 534 5852 A p- 0.5167 0.9908 20N 53E 59 3700m53s
25 -9 2491-Mar-1016:11:56 1100 568 6075 A p- 0.4951 0.9964 22N 71W 60 1400m20s
26 -8 2509-Mar-2200:20:45 1174 603 6298 H p- 0.4675 1.0023 25N 167E 62 900m12s
27 -7 2527-Apr-0208:23:25 1251 638 6521 H p- 0.4340 1.0086 27N 47E 64 3300m45s
28 -6 2545-Apr-1216:19:44 1331 675 6744 H p- 0.3942 1.0149 29N 71W 67 5501m17s
29 -5 2563-Apr-2400:08:29 1413 712 6967 T p- 0.3473 1.0214 31N 173E 70 7701m49s
30 -4 2581-May-0407:51:48 1497 750 7190 T n- 0.2950 1.0276 32N 60E 73 9802m22s
31 -3 2599-May-1515:28:41 1585 788 7413 T n- 0.2369 1.0337 32N 52W 76 11702m56s
32 -2 2617-May-2623:01:02 1674 828 7636 T n- 0.1740 1.0394 31N 162W 80 13403m30s
33 -1 2635-Jun-0706:28:19 1767 868 7859 T nn 0.1062 1.0447 29N 89E 84 15004m04s
34 0 2653-Jun-1713:53:02 1862 909 8082 T nn 0.0355 1.0494 25N 20W 88 16404m37s
35 1 2671-Jun-2821:15:27 1959 950 8305 T nn -0.0375 1.0534 21N 129W 88 17705m07s
36 2 2689-Jul-0904:36:28 2059 993 8528 Tm nn -0.1124 1.0568 16N 121E 84 18805m31s
37 3 2707-Jul-2111:58:07 2162 1036 8751 T nn -0.1871 1.0593 10N 10E 79 19905m48s
38 4 2725-Jul-3119:21:11 2267 1080 8974 T -n -0.2612 1.0612 3N 101W 75 20805m57s
39 5 2743-Aug-1202:47:37 2375 1125 9197 T -n -0.3330 1.0623 4S 146E 71 21605m56s
40 6 2761-Aug-2210:17:08 2485 1171 9420 T -n -0.4026 1.0625 12S 31E 66 22305m47s
Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 157
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s
ΔT Sigma
s
Luna Num Ecl Type QLE Gamma Ecl Mag Lat

°
Long

°
Sun Alt
°
Path Width km Central Dur
41 7 2779-Sep-0217:52:22 2598 1217 9643 T -p -0.4677 1.0622 19S 85W 62 23005m31s
42 8 2797-Sep-1301:33:02 2714 1264 9866 T -p -0.5287 1.0611 27S 157E 58 23505m11s
43 9 2815-Sep-2409:20:23 2832 1311 10089 T -p -0.5845 1.0596 35S 37E 54 24004m48s
44 10 2833-Oct-0417:14:51 2952 1360 10312 T -p -0.6348 1.0576 42S 84W 50 24404m23s
45 11 2851-Oct-1601:17:23 3076 1409 10535 T -p -0.6787 1.0553 50S 153E 47 24804m00s
46 12 2869-Oct-2609:28:02 3201 1459 10758 T -p -0.7161 1.0528 57S 29E 44 25003m38s
47 13 2887-Nov-0617:45:28 3330 1510 10981 T -p -0.7480 1.0502 63S 96W 41 25203m18s
48 14 2905-Nov-1802:11:31 3461 1561 11204 T -p -0.7732 1.0477 69S 140E 39 25203m01s
49 15 2923-Nov-2910:43:48 3594 1613 11427 T -p -0.7937 1.0454 74S 19E 37 25102m47s
50 16 2941-Dec-0919:23:09 3730 1666 11650 T -p -0.8084 1.0434 77S 96W 36 24802m36s
51 17 2959-Dec-2104:06:00 3869 1720 11873 T -p -0.8203 1.0417 78S 154E 35 24602m28s
52 18 2977-Dec-3112:54:27 4010 1774 12096 T -p -0.8279 1.0405 76S 40E 34 24402m23s
53 19 2996-Jan-1121:44:33 4154 1829 12319 T -p -0.8346 1.0397 73S 82W 33 24302m20s
54 20 3014-Jan-2306:36:35 4300 1885 12542 T -p -0.8398 1.0394 69S 149E 33 24402m20s
55 21 3032-Feb-0315:27:35 4449 1941 12765 T -p -0.8462 1.0395 65S 18E 32 24802m22s
56 22 3050-Feb-1400:17:48 4601 1998 12988 T -p -0.8534 1.0400 61S 114W 31 25502m26s
57 23 3068-Feb-2509:03:51 4755 2056 13211 T -p -0.8642 1.0407 58S 114E 30 26802m31s
58 24 3086-Mar-0717:45:53 4912 2115 13434 T -p -0.8785 1.0416 55S 18W 28 28702m38s
59 25 3104-Mar-1902:21:57 5071 2174 13657 T -p -0.8980 1.0426 53S 147W 26 31802m44s
60 26 3122-Mar-3010:52:30 5233 2234 13880 T -t -0.9222 1.0433 52S 85E 22 36902m50s
61 27 3140-Apr-0919:14:17 5397 2295 14103 T -t -0.9535 1.0436 53S 38W 17 48102m51s
62 28 3158-Apr-2103:29:30 5564 2356 14326 Ts -t -0.9900 1.0421 58S 154W 7 - 02m39s
63 29 3176-May-0111:35:49 5734 2418 14549 P -t -1.0338 0.9513 62S 88E 0 - -
64 30 3194-May-1219:35:58 5906 2481 14772 P -t -1.0826 0.8586 63S 40W 0 - -
65 31 3212-May-2303:26:22 6080 2545 14995 P -t -1.1390 0.7512 64S 167W 0 - -
66 32 3230-Jun-0311:12:00 6258 2609 15218 P -t -1.1989 0.6366 65S 68E 0 - -
67 33 3248-Jun-1318:49:36 6437 2674 15441 P -t -1.2646 0.5108 66S 55W 0 - -
68 34 3266-Jun-2502:23:37 6620 2740 15664 P -t -1.3330 0.3800 67S 178W 0 - -
69 35 3284-Jul-0509:51:08 6805 2806 15887 P -t -1.4061 0.2404 68S 60E 0 - -
70 36 3302-Jul-1717:17:11 6992 2873 16110 Pe -t -1.4798 0.1002 69S 62W 0 - -

Statistics for Solar Eclipses of Saros 157

Solar eclipses of Saros 157 all occur at the Moon’s ascending node and the Moon moves southward with each eclipse. The series will begin with a partial eclipse in the northern hemisphere on 2058 Jun 21. The series will end with a partial eclipse in the southern hemisphere on 3302 Jul 17. The total duration of Saros series 157 is 1244.08 years.

Summary of Saros 157
First Eclipse 2058 Jun 21
Last Eclipse 3302 Jul 17
Series Duration 1244.08 Years
No. of Eclipses 70
Sequence 6P 19A 3H 34T 8P

Saros 157 is composed of 70 solar eclipses as follows:

Solar Eclipses of Saros 157
Eclipse Type Symbol Number Percent
All Eclipses - 70100.0%
PartialP 14 20.0%
AnnularA 19 27.1%
TotalT 34 48.6%
HybridH 3 4.3%

Umbral eclipses (annular, total and hybrid) can be further classified as either: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes in Saros series 157 appears in the following table.

Umbral Eclipses of Saros 157
Classification Number Percent
All Umbral Eclipses 56100.0%
Central (two limits) 54 96.4%
Central (one limit) 2 3.6%
Non-Central (one limit) 0 0.0%

The 70 eclipses in Saros 157 occur in the following order : 6P 19A 3H 34T 8P

The longest and shortest central eclipses of Saros 157 as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses appear below.

Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Solar Eclipses of Saros 157
Extrema Type Date Duration Magnitude
Longest Annular Solar Eclipse 2310 Nov 2204m16s -
Shortest Annular Solar Eclipse 2491 Mar 1000m20s -
Longest Total Solar Eclipse 2725 Jul 3105m57s -
Shortest Total Solar Eclipse 2563 Apr 2401m49s -
Longest Hybrid Solar Eclipse 2545 Apr 1201m17s -
Shortest Hybrid Solar Eclipse 2509 Mar 2200m12s -
Largest Partial Solar Eclipse 3176 May 01 - 0.95128
Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse 3302 Jul 17 - 0.10022

Eclipse Publications

by Fred Espenak

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Calendar

The Gregorian calendar (also called the Western calendar) is internationally the most widely used civil calendar. It is named for Pope Gregory XIII, who introduced it in 1582. On this website, the Gregorian calendar is used for all calendar dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates.

The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..

Eclipse Predictions

The eclipse predictions presented here were generated using the JPL DE406 solar and lunar ephemerides. The lunar coordinates have been calculated with respect to the Moon's Center of Mass.

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

  1. pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
  2. 1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
  3. future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -2999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.

Acknowledgments

Some of the content on this web site is based on the books Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Thousand Year Canon of Solar Eclipses 1501 to 2500. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy.

Permission is granted to reproduce eclipse data when accompanied by a link to this page and an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, www.EclipseWise.com"

The use of diagrams and maps is permitted provided that they are NOT altered (except for re-sizing) and the embedded credit line is NOT removed or covered.