Saros 98

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 98

Fred Espenak

Introduction

A solar eclipse occurs whenever the Moon's shadow passes across Earth's surface. At least two solar eclipses and as many as five occur every year.

The periodicity and recurrence of solar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and the same time of year due to a harmonic in three cycles of the Moon's orbit. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 13 centuries and contains 70 or more eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near one of Earth's polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole. For more information, see Periodicity of Solar Eclipses.

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 98

The table below lists the concise characteristics of every solar eclipse belonging to Saros 98 . The date and time of each eclipse is given for the instant of Greatest Eclipse. For eclipses between the years -1999 to 3000, the calendar date links to a web page containing additional details and a map showing the geographic region of eclipse visibility for that eclipse. A description of each parameter in the catalog table can be found in Key to Saros Catalog of Solar Eclipses.

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 98
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s
ΔT Sigma
s
Luna Num Ecl Type QLE Gamma Ecl Mag Lat

°
Long

°
Sun Alt
°
Path Width km Central Dur
1-35 0188-Jun-1215:45:22 8694 213 -22406 Pb t- -1.5292 0.0270 67S 24W 0 - -
2-34 0206-Jun-2322:44:33 8522 208 -22183 P t- -1.4595 0.1558 66S 140W 0 - -
3-33 0224-Jul-0405:42:14 8350 204 -21960 P t- -1.3892 0.2848 65S 105E 0 - -
4-32 0242-Jul-1512:43:33 8178 199 -21737 P t- -1.3223 0.4065 64S 11W 0 - -
5-31 0260-Jul-2519:46:54 8006 195 -21514 P t- -1.2574 0.5233 63S 127W 0 - -
6-30 0278-Aug-0602:55:12 7834 190 -21291 P t- -1.1971 0.6305 62S 116E 0 - -
7-29 0296-Aug-1610:08:22 7662 186 -21068 P t- -1.1414 0.7285 62S 2W 0 - -
8-28 0314-Aug-2717:29:00 7489 181 -20845 P t- -1.0923 0.8133 61S 122W 0 - -
9-27 0332-Sep-0700:56:32 7315 177 -20622 P t- -1.0493 0.8866 61S 117E 0 - -
10-26 0350-Sep-1808:30:37 7141 173 -20399 A- t- -1.0121 0.9490 61S 6W 0 - -
11-25 0368-Sep-2816:12:49 6964 168 -20176 As p- -0.9820 0.9459 60S 110W 10 - 03m47s
12-24 0386-Oct-1000:02:07 6786 164 -19953 A p- -0.9585 0.9422 61S 136E 16 75204m06s
13-23 0404-Oct-2007:58:38 6608 160 -19730 A p- -0.9411 0.9382 63S 16E 19 67904m23s
14-22 0422-Oct-3115:59:53 6429 156 -19507 A p- -0.9284 0.9344 66S 107W 21 65904m37s
15-21 0440-Nov-1100:06:48 6250 152 -19284 A p- -0.9206 0.9309 70S 128E 23 66604m49s
16-20 0458-Nov-2208:16:14 6072 148 -19061 A p- -0.9156 0.9280 74S 1E 23 68005m00s
17-19 0476-Dec-0216:27:19 5896 144 -18838 A p- -0.9126 0.9256 78S 126W 24 69505m09s
18-18 0494-Dec-1400:37:40 5721 140 -18615 A p- -0.9097 0.9239 82S 111E 24 70305m17s
19-17 0512-Dec-2408:46:45 5545 137 -18392 A p- -0.9064 0.9228 87S 2E 25 70305m24s
20-16 0531-Jan-0416:51:08 5369 133 -18169 A p- -0.8997 0.9225 87S 25W 25 68305m32s
21-15 0549-Jan-1500:50:18 5193 129 -17946 A p- -0.8893 0.9228 82S 128W 27 64705m40s
22-14 0567-Jan-2608:42:20 5021 126 -17723 A p- -0.8736 0.9238 76S 112E 29 59605m50s
23-13 0585-Feb-0516:27:31 4849 122 -17500 A p- -0.8530 0.9253 70S 9W 31 54206m01s
24-12 0603-Feb-1700:01:54 4677 118 -17277 A p- -0.8237 0.9274 63S 128W 34 48106m13s
25-11 0621-Feb-2707:28:07 4509 115 -17054 A p- -0.7881 0.9297 56S 114E 38 42606m27s
26-10 0639-Mar-1014:43:25 4340 112 -16831 A p- -0.7436 0.9323 48S 0W 42 37506m42s
27 -9 0657-Mar-2021:50:55 4173 108 -16608 A p- -0.6930 0.9350 40S 112W 46 33206m56s
28 -8 0675-Apr-0104:46:30 4008 105 -16385 A p- -0.6327 0.9377 32S 139E 51 29607m10s
29 -7 0693-Apr-1111:35:52 3843 102 -16162 A p- -0.5675 0.9403 24S 32E 55 26607m21s
30 -6 0711-Apr-2218:15:18 3683 98 -15939 A p- -0.4938 0.9427 16S 72W 60 24207m29s
31 -5 0729-May-0300:49:38 3527 95 -15716 A p- -0.4161 0.9448 8S 174W 65 22307m31s
32 -4 0747-May-1407:16:32 3371 92 -15493 A pn -0.3321 0.9466 0N 86E 71 20807m27s
33 -3 0765-May-2413:41:37 3221 89 -15270 A nn -0.2466 0.9480 7N 12W 76 19707m17s
34 -2 0783-Jun-0420:03:09 3073 86 -15047 A nn -0.1579 0.9489 14N 109W 81 19007m01s
35 -1 0801-Jun-1502:24:22 2924 83 -14824 A nn -0.0687 0.9495 20N 155E 86 18606m41s
36 0 0819-Jun-2608:46:25 2783 80 -14601 Am nn 0.0200 0.9495 25N 60E 89 18506m22s
37 1 0837-Jul-0615:11:40 2641 77 -14378 A nn 0.1065 0.9491 29N 35W 84 18806m05s
38 2 0855-Jul-1721:40:55 2503 74 -14155 A nn 0.1898 0.9484 31N 130W 79 19305m52s
39 3 0873-Jul-2804:15:34 2372 72 -13932 A nn 0.2691 0.9473 33N 134E 74 20105m44s
40 4 0891-Aug-0810:57:49 2241 69 -13709 A np 0.3426 0.9458 33N 35E 70 21105m42s
Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 98
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s
ΔT Sigma
s
Luna Num Ecl Type QLE Gamma Ecl Mag Lat

°
Long

°
Sun Alt
°
Path Width km Central Dur
41 5 0909-Aug-1817:48:23 2117 66 -13486 A -p 0.4099 0.9442 33N 65W 66 22405m44s
42 6 0927-Aug-3000:47:28 1998 64 -13263 A -p 0.4704 0.9425 32N 169W 62 23805m51s
43 7 0945-Sep-0907:56:51 1880 61 -13040 A -p 0.5231 0.9407 31N 85E 58 25306m03s
44 8 0963-Sep-2015:16:23 1770 59 -12817 A -p 0.5676 0.9391 29N 25W 55 26906m18s
45 9 0981-Sep-3022:46:24 1662 56 -12594 A -p 0.6043 0.9376 27N 138W 53 28406m35s
46 10 0999-Oct-1206:24:40 1555 54 -12371 A -p 0.6348 0.9364 26N 106E 50 29906m55s
47 11 1017-Oct-2214:13:16 1463 51 -12148 A -p 0.6572 0.9356 24N 13W 49 31107m14s
48 12 1035-Nov-0222:09:27 1372 49 -11925 A -p 0.6736 0.9352 23N 134W 48 32007m32s
49 13 1053-Nov-1306:13:14 1283 47 -11702 A -p 0.6845 0.9355 22N 103E 47 32407m44s
50 14 1071-Nov-2414:21:31 1202 45 -11479 A -p 0.6921 0.9362 21N 22W 46 32507m51s
51 15 1089-Dec-0422:34:48 1122 43 -11256 A -p 0.6962 0.9378 21N 148W 46 32007m48s
52 16 1107-Dec-1606:49:54 1047 41 -11033 A -p 0.6994 0.9398 21N 86E 45 31207m35s
53 17 1125-Dec-2615:05:28 979 39 -10810 A -p 0.7026 0.9426 22N 40W 45 29807m10s
54 18 1144-Jan-0623:19:53 911 37 -10587 A -p 0.7074 0.9459 24N 167W 45 28206m36s
55 19 1162-Jan-1707:31:45 850 35 -10364 A -p 0.7149 0.9499 26N 68E 44 26205m54s
56 20 1180-Jan-2815:39:18 793 33 -10141 A -p 0.7266 0.9542 30N 57W 43 24205m08s
57 21 1198-Feb-0723:41:15 736 31 -9918 A -p 0.7437 0.9590 34N 179E 42 22104m20s
58 22 1216-Feb-1907:37:22 685 29 -9695 A -p 0.7662 0.9641 39N 56E 40 20003m33s
59 23 1234-Mar-0115:26:57 635 27 -9472 A -p 0.7947 0.9693 45N 66W 37 18002m49s
60 24 1252-Mar-1123:08:32 586 26 -9249 A -p 0.8305 0.9745 52N 173E 34 16202m09s
61 25 1270-Mar-2306:43:29 547 24 -9026 A -p 0.8725 0.9795 60N 51E 29 14901m35s
62 26 1288-Apr-0214:11:24 508 23 -8803 A -p 0.9210 0.9840 69N 76W 22 14701m07s
63 27 1306-Apr-1321:34:05 471 21 -8580 A -t 0.9745 0.9872 76N 131E 12 21400m47s
64 28 1324-Apr-2404:49:51 439 20 -8357 P -t 1.0342 0.9273 70N 32W 0 - -
65 29 1342-May-0512:02:36 407 20 -8134 P -t 1.0972 0.8151 69N 152W 0 - -
66 30 1360-May-1519:10:59 377 20 -7911 P -t 1.1646 0.6933 68N 89E 0 - -
67 31 1378-May-2702:18:07 349 20 -7688 P -t 1.2335 0.5675 67N 29W 0 - -
68 32 1396-Jun-0609:23:30 320 20 -7465 P -t 1.3046 0.4366 67N 146W 0 - -
69 33 1414-Jun-1716:30:41 296 20 -7242 P -t 1.3748 0.3062 66N 96E 0 - -
70 34 1432-Jun-2723:39:41 273 20 -7019 P -t 1.4445 0.1761 65N 21W 0 - -
71 35 1450-Jul-0906:51:31 250 20 -6796 Pe -t 1.5125 0.0485 64N 139W 0 - -

Statistics for Solar Eclipses of Saros 98

Solar eclipses of Saros 98 all occur at the Moon’s descending node and the Moon moves northward with each eclipse. The series began with a partial eclipse in the southern hemisphere on 0188 Jun 12. The series ended with a partial eclipse in the northern hemisphere on 1450 Jul 09. The total duration of Saros series 98 is 1262.11 years.

Summary of Saros 98
First Eclipse 0188 Jun 12
Last Eclipse 1450 Jul 09
Series Duration 1262.11 Years
No. of Eclipses 71
Sequence 9P 54A 8P

Saros 98 is composed of 71 solar eclipses as follows:

Solar Eclipses of Saros 98
Eclipse Type Symbol Number Percent
All Eclipses - 71100.0%
PartialP 17 23.9%
AnnularA 54 76.1%
TotalT 0 0.0%
HybridH 0 0.0%

Umbral eclipses (annular, total and hybrid) can be further classified as either: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes in Saros series 98 appears in the following table.

Umbral Eclipses of Saros 98
Classification Number Percent
All Umbral Eclipses 54100.0%
Central (two limits) 52 96.3%
Central (one limit) 1 1.9%
Non-Central (one limit) 1 1.9%

The 71 eclipses in Saros 98 occur in the following order : 9P 54A 8P

The longest and shortest central eclipses of Saros 98 as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses appear below.

Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Solar Eclipses of Saros 98
Extrema Type Date Duration Magnitude
Longest Annular Solar Eclipse 1071 Nov 2407m51s -
Shortest Annular Solar Eclipse 1306 Apr 1300m47s -
Largest Partial Solar Eclipse 1324 Apr 24 - 0.92735
Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse 0188 Jun 12 - 0.02700

Eclipse Publications

by Fred Espenak

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Calendar

The Gregorian calendar (also called the Western calendar) is internationally the most widely used civil calendar. It is named for Pope Gregory XIII, who introduced it in 1582. On this website, the Gregorian calendar is used for all calendar dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates.

The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..

Eclipse Predictions

The eclipse predictions presented here were generated using the JPL DE406 solar and lunar ephemerides. The lunar coordinates have been calculated with respect to the Moon's Center of Mass.

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

  1. pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
  2. 1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
  3. future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -2999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.

Acknowledgments

Some of the content on this web site is based on the books Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Thousand Year Canon of Solar Eclipses 1501 to 2500. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy.

Permission is granted to reproduce eclipse data when accompanied by a link to this page and an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, www.EclipseWise.com"

The use of diagrams and maps is permitted provided that they are NOT altered (except for re-sizing) and the embedded credit line is NOT removed or covered.