Solar Eclipse Prime Page

Annular Solar Eclipse of -0020 Jul 30 (0021 Jul 30 BCE)

Fred Espenak

Introduction

eclipse map

The Annular Solar Eclipse of -0020 Jul 30 (0021 Jul 30 BCE) is visible from the geographic regions shown on the map to the right. Click on the map to enlarge it. For an explanation of the features appearing in the map, see Key to Solar Eclipse Maps.

The instant of greatest eclipse takes place on -0020 Jul 30 at 16:26:57 TD (13:28:17 UT1). This is 4.2 days before the Moon reaches apogee. During the eclipse, the Sun is in the constellation Leo. The synodic month in which the eclipse takes place has a Brown Lunation Number of -24024.

The eclipse belongs to Saros 74 and is number 34 of 75 eclipses in the series. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s descending node. The Moon moves northward with respect to the node with each succeeding eclipse in the series and gamma increases.

The annular solar eclipse of -0020 Jul 30 is preceded two weeks earlier by a penumbral lunar eclipse on -0020 Jul 16, and it is followed two weeks later by a penumbral lunar eclipse on -0020 Aug 14.

These eclipses all take place during a single eclipse season.

The eclipse predictions are given in both Terrestrial Dynamical Time (TD) and Universal Time (UT1). The parameter ΔT is used to convert between these two times (i.e., UT1 = TD - ΔT). ΔT has a value of 10720.1 seconds for this eclipse. The uncertainty in ΔT is 270.7 seconds corresponding to a standard error in longitude of the eclipse path of ± 1.13°.

The following links provide maps and data for the eclipse.

The tables below contain detailed predictions and additional information on the Annular Solar Eclipse of -0020 Jul 30 .

Eclipse Data: Annular Solar Eclipse of -0020 Jul 30

Eclipse Characteristics
Parameter Value
Eclipse Magnitude 0.96043
Eclipse Obscuration 0.92243
Gamma-0.05308
Conjunction Times
Event Calendar Date and Time Julian Date
Greatest Eclipse -0020 Jul 30 at 16:26:57.3 TD (13:28:17.1 UT1) 1713964.061309
Ecliptic Conjunction -0020 Jul 30 at 16:27:34.5 TD (13:28:54.3 UT1) 1713964.061740
Equatorial Conjunction -0020 Jul 30 at 16:29:09.3 TD (13:30:29.2 UT1) 1713964.062837
Geocentric Coordinates of Sun and Moon
-0020 Jul 30 at 16:26:57.3 TD (13:28:17.1 UT1)
Coordinate Sun Moon
Right Ascension08h26m51.6s08h26m47.5s
Declination+19°23'06.6"+19°20'22.1"
Semi-Diameter 15'50.5" 14'59.0"
Eq. Hor. Parallax 08.7" 0°54'59.3"
Geocentric Libration of Moon
Angle Value
l 4.1°
b 0.1°
c 12.4°
Prediction Paramaters
Paramater Value
Ephemerides JPL DE406
ΔT 10720.1 s
k (penumbra) 0.2725076
k (umbra) 0.2722810
Saros Series 74 (34/75)

Explanation of Solar Eclipse Data Tables

Penumbral Shadow Contacts and Extremes: Annular Solar Eclipse of -0020 Jul 30

Contacts of Penumbral Shadow with Earth
Contact Event Contact Time
TD		 Time
UT1		 Latitude Longitude
First External ContactP113:25:40.210:27:00.116°42.8'N072°01.2'W
First Internal ContactP215:36:28.112:37:48.012°00.5'N102°56.5'W
Last Internal ContactP317:17:22.314:18:42.125°08.3'S046°37.6'E
Last External ContactP419:28:18.716:29:38.620°27.6'S015°51.4'E
Extreme Northern and Southern Path Limits of Penumbra
Contact Event Contact Time
TD		 Time
UT1		 Latitude Longitude
North Extreme Path Limit 1N114:55:27.611:56:47.546°21.8'N110°04.1'W
South Extreme Path Limit 1S114:45:03.811:46:23.616°56.0'S079°38.4'W
North Extreme Path Limit 2N217:58:42.515:00:02.410°04.5'N049°22.4'E
South Extreme Path Limit 2S218:08:28.115:09:48.052°39.8'S015°54.4'E

Explanation of Penumbral Shadow Contacts and Extremes Tables

Umbral Shadow Contacts and Extremes: Annular Solar Eclipse of -0020 Jul 30

Contacts of Umbral Shadow with Earth
Contact Event Contact Time
TD		 Time
UT1		 Latitude Longitude
First External ContactU114:29:09.911:30:29.815°44.3'N087°31.0'W
First Internal ContactU214:32:48.311:34:08.115°39.0'N088°23.6'W
Last Internal ContactU318:21:03.115:22:23.021°31.3'S032°14.2'E
Last External ContactU418:24:46.315:26:06.221°25.8'S031°20.6'E
Extreme Northern and Southern Path Limits of Umbra
Contact Event Contact Time
TD		 Time
UT1		 Latitude Longitude
North Extreme Path Limit 1N114:31:12.411:32:32.316°31.8'N088°19.9'W
South Extreme Path Limit 1S114:30:46.911:32:06.814°51.6'N087°35.2'W
North Extreme Path Limit 2N218:22:41.515:24:01.420°37.6'S032°11.5'E
South Extreme Path Limit 2S218:23:06.715:24:26.522°19.4'S031°23.4'E

Explanation of Umbral Shadow Contacts and Extremes Tables

Central Line Extremes and Duration: Annular Solar Eclipse of -0020 Jul 30

Extreme Limits of the Central Line
Contact Event Contact Time
TD		 Time
UT1		 Latitude Longitude
Extreme Central Line Limit 1C114:30:59.011:32:18.915°41.7'N087°57.3'W
Extreme Central Line Limit 2C218:22:54.715:24:14.621°28.5'S031°47.4'E

Explanation of Central Line Extremes Table

Greatest Eclipse and Greatest Duration
Event Time
TD		 Time
UT1		 Latitude Longitude Sun
Altitude		 Sun
Azimuth		 Path Width Central
Duration
Greatest Eclipse16:26:57.313:28:17.116°37.3'N067°07.5'W 87.1° 20.0° 143.8 km04m37.71s
Greatest Duration16:07:15.513:08:35.319°35.4'N027°12.2'W 79.8° 89.3° 144.7 km04m39.43s

Explanation of Greatest Eclipse and Greatest Duration

Polynomial Besselian Elements: Annular Solar Eclipse of -0020 Jul 30

Polynomial Besselian Elements
-0020 Jul 30 at 16:00:00.0 TD (=t0)
n x y d l1 l2 μ
0 -0.23638 0.02799 19.3894 0.56205 0.01581 59.3199
1 0.48649 -0.17352 -0.0093 0.00010 0.00010 15.0008
2 -0.00004 -0.00011 -0.0000 -0.00001 -0.00001 0.0000
3 -0.00001 0.00000 - - - -
Tan ƒ1 0.0046317
Tan ƒ2 0.0046086

At time t1 (decimal hours), each besselian element is evaluated by:

x = x0 + x1*t + x2*t2 + x3*t3 (or x = Σ [xn*tn]; n = 0 to 3)

where: t = t1 - t0 (decimal hours) and t0 = 16.000

Explanation of Polynomial Besselian Elements

Links for the Annular Solar Eclipse of -0020 Jul 30 (0021 Jul 30 BCE)

Links to Additional Solar Eclipse Information

Calendar

The Gregorian calendar (also called the Western calendar) is internationally the most widely used civil calendar. It is named for Pope Gregory XIII, who introduced it in 1582. On this website, the Gregorian calendar is used for all calendar dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates.

The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..

Eclipse Predictions

Predictions for the Annular Solar Eclipse of -0020 Jul 30 were generated using the JPL DE406 solar and lunar ephemerides. The lunar coordinates were calculated with respect to the Moon's Center of Mass. The predictions are given in both Terrestrial Dynamical Time (TD) and Universal Time (UT1). The parameter ΔT is used to convert between these two times (i.e., UT1 = TD - ΔT). ΔT has a value of 10720.1 seconds for this eclipse. The uncertainty in ΔT is 270.7 seconds corresponding to a standard error in longitude of the eclipse path of ± 1.13°.

Acknowledgments

Some of the content on this website is based on the book Thousand Year Canon of Solar Eclipses 1501 to 2500. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy.

Permission is granted to reproduce eclipse data when accompanied by a link to this page and an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, www.EclipseWise.com"

The use of diagrams and maps is permitted provided that they are NOT altered (except for re-sizing) and the embedded credit line is NOT removed or covered.